Abstract
Reactive dye chemistry plays a crucial role in the dyeing of cotton fibers. Herein, to provide insight on the adaptability of salt-free reactive dyeing for sustainable environmental development, the effect of dye chemistry on the dyeing properties of cotton fibers in the proposed ethanol–carbon tetrachloride–water (EtOH–CCl4–H2O) ternary solvent system was investigated in detail. Twelve commonly used reactive dyes were selected as representative dyes and applied to cotton yarns based on their reactive groups, chromophores, and number of sulfonate groups. Compared with the conventional aqueous dyeing method, the studied copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) dyes and azo dyes showed enhanced dyeing performances in the EtOH–CCl4–H2O (55:40:5) mixture, except for the investigated anthraquinone dyes. Dyeing results of cotton yarns indicated that the studied CuPc dyes and azo dyes are suitable dye categories for dyeing cotton in the EtOH–CCl4–H2O mixture. This study may offer a theoretical strategy for the industrial-scale production of cotton fibers using the developed solvent-assisted dyeing technology. The organic solvents recovery will be carried out in the future study.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Foundation of Science Research Program from the Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20221711), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A2095), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21905214), Local Science and Technology Development Projects Guided by the Central Government (2020ZYYD038), and Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University (sklsgb-2019KF08).
Funding
This work was supported by the Foundation of Science Research Program from the Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20221711), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A2095), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21905214), Local Science and Technology Development Projects Guided by the Central Government (2020ZYYD038), and Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University (sklsgb-2019KF08).
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A.W.: Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Visualization. D.S.: Conceptualization, Validation, Supervision. C.Z.: Conceptualization, Data curation, Supervision, Funding acquisition. J.G.: Data curation, Visualization. Z.F: Validation, Visualization. Y.W.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision. W.L.: Conceptualization, Project administration, Funding acquisition. L.X.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Data Curation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. W.X.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Funding acquisition.
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Wang, A., Sheng, D., Zhang, C. et al. Salt-free reactive dyeing of cotton fibers in a ternary solvent system with different reactive dye chemistries. Cellulose 30, 463–479 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04916-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04916-9