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Synthesis of three novel amino acids-based flame retardants with multiple reactive groups for cotton fabrics

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Abstract

Three novel high efficient, halogen-free and formaldehyde-free flame retardants containing –P=O(O−NH4+)2 and –COO−NH4+ multiple reactive groups, ammonium salt of N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl) glycine (FR-G), ammonium salt of N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl) aspartic acid (FR-A) and ammonium salt of N,N,N,N-tetra(phosphonomethyl) lysine (FR-L), were synthesized for cotton fabric based on glycine, aspartic acid and lysine. The flame retardant properties and thermal stabilities of treated cotton fabrics were evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical flammability test, cone calorimetry test and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The modifications and flame retardant mechanisms were investigated by TG-IR, FTIR, SEM, EDX. The comparison of three flame retardants was also investigated. The results reveal that flame retardants could graft on cotton fabric by the formation of P–O–C and C–O–C covalent bonds, the LOI value of cotton fabric treated by 30% FR-L could achieve 42.1%, which remained well after 40 laundering cycles with a LOI value of 27.1%. Vertical flammability test and cone calorimetry test also show that the flame retardancy of modified cotton fabrics was greatly improved. The results indicate that cellulose was phosphorylated by these flame retardants to prevent the formation of levoglucosan and promote the dehydration and charring. Moreover, the physical properties of treated cotton fabrics were maintained well.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the “Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities” (Grant No. XDJK2018D009).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Textile and Garment, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Street, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Fang Xu, Cheng Zhang, Peng Wang & Guangxian Zhang

  2. Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Fang Xu, Cheng Zhang, Peng Wang & Guangxian Zhang

  3. Chongqing Fibre Inspection Bureau, Chongqing, 401121, China

    Ling Zhong

  4. College of Paper-making and Botanical Resources Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China

    Yuan Xu

  5. Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Fengxiu Zhang

Authors
  1. Fang Xu
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  2. Ling Zhong
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  3. Yuan Xu
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  4. Cheng Zhang
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  5. Peng Wang
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  6. Fengxiu Zhang
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  7. Guangxian Zhang
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Correspondence to Guangxian Zhang.

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Xu, F., Zhong, L., Xu, Y. et al. Synthesis of three novel amino acids-based flame retardants with multiple reactive groups for cotton fabrics. Cellulose 26, 7537–7552 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02599-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02599-3

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