Abstract
Due to the detrimental effects induced by transition metals on oxygen delignification, it is necessary to explore effective cellulose protector for improving the oxygen delignification efficiency. In this work, chitosan/tripolyphosphate microspheres (C/TPP) with different size were prepared and introduced for alleviating the transition metal ions effects on cellulose degradation. The results showed that both size and amount of C/TPP had a significant effect on cellulose degradation but negligible influence on lignin; C/TPP with suitable amount and smaller size was favored for cellulose protection and thus selectivity improvement. C/TPP is found to be comparable to MgSO4 and more outstanding for the pulps with extra metals; in this case, C/TPP leads only a marginal impairment in lignin degradation and removal, but provides a significant improvement for cellulose viscosity. Moreover, C/TPP is substantially more effective when is used in a combination with MgSO4.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bajpai P (2012) Environmentally benign approaches for pulp bleaching. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Bassi R, Prasher SO, Simpson B (2000) Removal of selected metal ions from aqueous solutions using chitosan flakes. Sep Sci Technol 35(4):547–560
Bouchard J, Morelli E, Berry R (2000) Gas-phase addition of solvent to ozone bleaching of kraft pulp. J Pulp Pap Sci 26(1):30–35
Bouchard J, Wang J, Berry R (2011) MgSO4 vs. Mg(OH)2 as a cellulose protector in oxygen delignification. Holzforschung 65(3):295–301
Cao S, Ma X, Lin L, Huang F, Huang L, Chen L (2014) Morphological and chemical characterization of green bamboo (Dendrocalamopsis oldhami (Munro) Keng f.) for dissolving pulp production. BioResources 9(3):4528–4539
Chen SL (2002) Fundamental insight into the mechanism of oxygen delignification of kraft pulps: the influence of a novel carbohydrate protective system. Cell Chem Technol 36(5):495–505
Cho AR, Chun YG, Kim BK, Park DJ (2014) Preparation of chitosan–TPP microspheres as resveratrol carriers. J Food Sci 79(4):568–576
Dence CW (1996) Chemistry of chemical pulp bleaching. In: Dence CW, Reeve DW (eds) Pulp bleaching-principles and practice. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp 125–159
Ericsson B (1971) Factors influencing the carbohydrate degradation under oxygen-alkali bleaching. Svensk papperstidning 74(22):757–765
Fernandes SC, de Oliveira IRW, Fatibello-Filho O, Spinelli A, Vieira IC (2008) Biosensor based on laccase immobilized on microspheres of chitosan crosslinked with tripolyphosphate. Sensor Actuat B Chem 133(1):202–207
Fu F, Wang Q (2011) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. J Environ Manag 92(3):407–418
Granholm K, Harju L, Ivaska A (2009) Desorption of metal ions from kraft pulps. Part 1. Chelation of hardwood and softwood kraft pulp with EDTA. BioResources 5(1):206–226
Guay D, Cole B, Fort R Jr, Genco J, Hausman M (2000) Mechanisms of oxidative degradation of carbohydrates during oxygen delignktcation. I. Reaction of methyl β-d-glucopyranoside with photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals. J Wood Chem Technol 20(4):375–394
Guay D, Cole B, Fort R Jr, Hausman M, Genco J, Elder T, Overly K (2001) Mechanisms of oxidative degradation of carbohydrates during oxygen delignification. II. Reaction of photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals with methyl β-cellobioside. J Wood Chem Technol 21(1):67–79
Huang JF, Huang H, Ma XJ, Huang LL, Chen LH, Cao SL (2016) Effect of the particle size of magnesium hydroxide on the oxygen delignification of eucalyptus kraft pulp. Pap Sci Technol 35(5):1–9
Jafari V, Labafzadeh SR, King A, Kilpeläinen I, Sixta H, van Heiningen A (2014) Oxygen delignification of conventional and high alkali cooked softwood Kraft pulps, and study of the residual lignin structure. RSC Adv 4(34):17469–17477
Jones PW, Williams DR (2002) Chemical speciation simulation used to assess the efficiency of environment-friendly EDTA alternatives for use in the pulp and paper industry. Inorg Chim Acta 339:41–50
Lapierre L, Berry R, Bouchard J (2003) The effect of magnesium ions and chelants on peroxide bleaching. Holzforschung 57(6):627–633
Laus R, Geremias R, Vasconcelos HL, Laranjeira MC, Fávere VT (2007) Reduction of acidity and removal of metal ions from coal mining effluents using chitosan microspheres. J Hazard Mater 149(2):471–474
Leh CP, Rosli WW, Zainuddin Z, Tanaka R (2008) Optimisation of oxygen delignification in production of totally chlorine-free cellulose pulps from oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre. Ind Crop Prod 28(3):260–267
Li W, Jiang X, Xue P, Chen S (2002) Inhibitory effects of chitosan on superoxide anion radicals and lipid free radicals. Chin Sci Bull 47(11):887–889
Liu Z, Cao Y, Yao H, Wu S (2013) Oxygen delignification of wheat straw soda pulp with anthraquinone addition. BioResources 8(1):1306–1319
McDonough TJ (1996) Oxygen delignification. In: Dence CW, Reeve DW (eds) Pulp bleaching—principles and practice. TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp 213–239
Ngah WW, Endud C, Mayanar R (2002) Removal of copper (II) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan and cross-linked chitosan beads. React Funct Polym 50(2):181–190
Park PJ, Je JY, Kim SK (2004) Free radical scavenging activities of differently deacetylated chitosans using an ESR spectrometer. Carbohydr Polym 55(1):17–22
Šelih VS, Strlič M, Kolar J, Pihlar B (2007) The role of transition metals in oxidative degradation of cellulose. Polym Degrad Stab 92(8):1476–1481
Sixta H, Süss HU, Potthast A, Schwanninger M, Krotscheck AW (2006) pulp bleaching: sections 7.1–7.3. 5. Handbook of pulp 609–708
Tao L, Genco JM, Cole BJ, Fort RC Jr (2011) Selectivity of oxygen delignification for southern softwood kraft pulps with high lignin content. Tappi J 10(8):29–39
van Heiningen A, Violette S (2003) Selectivity improvement during oxygen delignification by adsorption of a sugar-based polymer. J Pulp Pap Sci 29(2):48–53
van Heiningen A, Krothapalli D, Genco J, Justason A (2003) A chemical reactor analysis of industrial oxygen delignification. Pulp Pap Can 104(12):331–336
van Heiningen A, Ji Y, Jafari V (2018) Recent progress on oxygen delignification of softwood kraft pulp. In: Cellulose science and technology: chemistry, analysis, and applications, pp 67–97
Wang B, Bai Z, Jiang H, Prinsen P, Luque R, Zhao S, Xuan J (2019) Selective heavy metal removal and water purification by microfluidically-generated chitosan microspheres: characteristics, modeling and application. J Hazard Mater 364:192–205
Yang R, Lucia L, Ragauskas AJ, Jameel H (2003) Oxygen delignification chemistry and its impact on pulp fibers. J Wood Chem Technol 23(1):13–29
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770632), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFB0307900), Outstanding Youth Fund (XJQ201506) and Innovation Fund from Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (CXZX2017296 and CXZX2017037).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Hai Huang and Yuantao Hu have contributed equally to this work.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, H., Hu, Y., Huang, L. et al. An effective metal controller used for enhancing cellulose protection in oxygen delignification. Cellulose 26, 7099–7106 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02591-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02591-x