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Effect of graphene oxide on thermal stability of aerogel bio-nanocomposite from cellulose-based waste biomass

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Abstract

By combining the waste of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and graphene oxide (GO), a GO/cellulose aerogel bio-nanocomposite was produced via a simple mixing method. The thermal properties of this nanocomposite were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the GO/cellulose aerogel bio-nanocomposite exhibited good thermal stability indicated by a delay in the degradation of the nanocomposite even at low GO incorporation. Experimental and modeled TGA curves were compared. The morphology of the GO/cellulose aerogel composite was observed under field emission scanning electron microscope. In GO/cellulose aerogel composite with 4 wt% GO, the pore volume and porosity decreased by more than 50% compared to aerogel without GO, and the density of the 4 wt% GO/cellulose aerogel composite showed a onefold increase compared with the pure cellulose aerogel. The degree of swelling and equilibrium-swelling ratio of regenerated GO/cellulose hydrogel and aerogel decreased with the higher GO concentration. The phase transition from EFB to regenerated GO/cellulose aerogel composite was evaluated using X-ray diffraction. This study has provided a simple pathway to produce environmentally friendly biocomposite materials.

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Funding

Funding was provided by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Grant Nos DIP-2016-004 and MRUN-2015-003)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioresources and Biorefinery Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Sinyee Gan, Sarani Zakaria, Chin Hua Chia & Hatika Kaco

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  1. Sinyee Gan
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  2. Sarani Zakaria
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  3. Chin Hua Chia
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  4. Hatika Kaco
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Correspondence to Sinyee Gan or Sarani Zakaria.

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Gan, S., Zakaria, S., Chia, C.H. et al. Effect of graphene oxide on thermal stability of aerogel bio-nanocomposite from cellulose-based waste biomass. Cellulose 25, 5099–5112 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-1946-5

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