Abstract
In this paper, the use of ultrathin cellulose supports as platform for the incorporation of analgesic drugs in wound dressings is proposed. As a model drug, diclofenac (DCF) is chosen, which is commonly used in pain easing medical treatments. The DCF containing cellulose films are prepared by mixing solutions of trimethylsilyl cellulose (DSSi:2.5) with DCF dissolved in THF. After depositing the material on a solid surface by spin-coating, the films are subjected to vapor-phase hydrolysis using 3 M HCl in order to achieve regeneration of cellulose. The release of DCF from these films over time is studied by UV–Vis. Upon deposition of additional layers of cellulose that do not contain DCF, the release from these films can be decelerated significantly. The release kinetics from these films is very similar to those of viscose fibers impregnated with DCF solutions. These studies indicate a potential use of cellulose thin films as model platform for viscose based wound dressings.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Alessandri F, Lijoi D, Mistrangelo E, Nicoletti A, Crosa M, Ragni N (2006) Topical diclofenac patch for postoperative wound pain in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: a randomized study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 13(3):195–200
Bell C, McCarthy G (2010) The assessment and treatment of wound pain at dressing change. Br J Nurs 19(11):S4–S8
Benbow M (2010) Managing wound pain: is there an ‘ideal dressing’? Br J Nurs 19(20):1273–1274
Czaja WK, Young DJ, Kawecki M, Brown RM (2006) The future prospects of microbial cellulose in biomedical applications. Biomacromolecules 8(1):1–12
Davies SL, White RJ (2011) Defining a holistic pain-relieving approach to wound care via a drug free polymeric membrane dressing. J Wound Care 20(5):250–254
Djak M, Gilli E, Kontturi E, Schennach R (2011) Thickness dependence of reflection—absorption infrared spectra of supported thin polymer films. Macromolecules 44(7):1775–1778
Gantwerker EA, Hom DB (2012) Skin: histology and physiology of wound healing. Clin Plast Surg 39(1):85–97
Gaufberg SV, Walta MJ, Workman TP (2007) Expanding the use of topical anesthesia in wound management: sequential layered application of topical lidocaine with epinephrine. Am J Emerg Med 25(4):379–384
Hoeger IC, Filpponen I, Martin-Sampedro R, Johansson L-S, Österberg M, Laine J, Kelley S, Rojas OJ (2012) Bicomponent lignocellulose thin films to study the role of surface lignin in cellulolytic reactions. Biomacromolecules 13(10):3228–3240
Hurlow J, Bowler PG (2009) Clinical experience with wound biofilm and management: a case series. Ostomy Wound Manage 55(4):38–49
Jorgensen B, Friis GJ, Gottrup F (2006) Pain and quality of life for patients with venous leg ulcers: proof of concept of the efficacy of Biatain-Ibu, a new pain reducing wound dressing. Wound Repair Regen 14(3):233–239
Jurgens C, Porte T, Wolter D, Schmidt HGK, Kricheldorf HR, Kreisersaunders I (1995) Design and physicochemical properties of a new biodegradable wound dressing. Unfallchirurg 98(4):233–240
Kitchener T (2010) Wound care and pain assessment. Nurs Stand 24(24):51
Klode J, Schottler L, Stoffels I, Korber A, Schadendorf D, Dissemond J (2011) Investigation of adhesion of modern wound dressings: a comparative analysis of 56 different wound dressings. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 25(8):933–939
Kontturi E, Lankinen A (2010) Following the kinetics of a chemical reaction in ultrathin supported polymer films by reliable mass density determination with x-ray reflectivity. J Am Chem Soc 132(11):3678–3679
Kontturi E, Thune PC, Niemantsverdriet JW (2003a) Novel method for preparing cellulose model surfaces by spin coating. Polymer 44(13):3621–3625
Kontturi E, Thüne PC, Niemantsverdriet JW (2003b) Cellulose model surfacessimplified preparation by spin coating and characterization by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Langmuir 19(14):5735–5741
Kontturi E, Thüne PC, Niemantsverdriet JW (2005) Trimethylsilylcellulose/polystyrene blends as a means to construct cellulose domains on cellulose. Macromolecules 38(26):10712–10720
Kontturi E, Suchy M, Penttilä P, Jean B, Pirkkalainen K, Torkkeli M, Serimaa R (2011) Amorphous characteristics of an ultrathin cellulose film. Biomacromolecules 12(3):770–777
Mohan T, Kargl R, Doliska A, Vesel A, Kostler S, Ribitsch V, Stana-Kleinschek K (2011) Wettability and surface composition of partly and fully regenerated cellulose thin films from trimethylsilyl cellulose. J Colloid Interface Sci 358(2):604–610
Mohan T, Spirk S, Kargl R, Doliska A, Vesel A, Salzmann I, Resel R, Ribitsch V, Stana-Kleinschek K (2012) Exploring the rearrangement of amorphous cellulose model thin films upon heat treatment. Soft Matter 8(38):9807–9815
Nyfors L, Suchy M, Laine J, Kontturi E (2009) Ultrathin cellulose films of tunable nanostructured morphology with a hydrophobic component. Biomacromolecules 10(5):1276–1281
Patton ML, Mullins RF, Smith D, Korentager R (2013) An open, prospective, randomized pilot investigation evaluating pain with the use of a soft silicone wound contact layer vs bridal veil and staples on split thickness skin grafts as a primary dressing. J Burn Care Res 34(6):674–681
Peršin Z, Maver U, Pivec T, Maver T, Vesel A, Mozetič M, Stana-Kleinschek K (2014) Novel cellulose based materials for safe and efficient wound treatment. Carbohydr Polym 100:55–64
Petrulyte S (2008) Advanced textile materials and biopolymers in wound management. Dan Med Bull 55(1):72–77
Pivec T, Peršin Z, Kolar M, Maver T, Dobaj A, Vesel A, Maver U, Stana-Kleinschek K (2013) Modification of cellulose non-woven substrates for preparation of modern wound dressings. Text Res J 84(1):96–112
Richetta AG, Cantisani C, Li VW, Mattozzi C, Melis L, De Gado F, Giancristoforo S, Silvestri E, Calvieri S (2011) Hydrofiber dressing and wound repair: review of the literature and new patents. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 5(2):150–154
Romanelli M, Dini V, Polignano R, Bonadeo P, Maggio G (2009) Ibuprofen slow-release foam dressing reduces wound pain in painful exuding wounds: preliminary findings from an international real-life study. J Dermatol Treatment 20(1):19–26
Solowiej K, Mason V, Upton D (2010) Psychological stress and pain in wound care, part 3: management. J Wound Care 19(4):153–155
Stana-Kleinschek K, Persin Z, Maver T (2011) Modification of non-woven cellulose for medical applications using non-equlibrium gas sious plasma. Mater Tehnol 45(3):253–257
Thomas S (2008) A review of the physical, biological and clinical properties of a bacterial cellulose wound dressing. J Wound Care 17(8):349–352
Ukmar T, Maver U, Planinšek O, Kaučič V, Gaberšček M, Godec A (2011) Understanding controlled drug release from mesoporous silicates: theory and experiment. J Control Release 155(3):409–417
Ukmar T, Maver U, Planinšek O, Pintar A, Kaučič V, Godec A, Gaberšček M (2012) Guest-host van der Waals interactions decisively affect the molecular transport in mesoporous media. J Mater Chem 22(3):1112–1120
White R (2011) Wound dressings and other topical treatment modalities in bioburden control. J Wound Care 20(9):431–439
Widgerow AD (2011) Chronic wound fluid—thinking outside the box. Wound Repair Regen 19(3):287–291
World Wound Care Markets 2011. (2011) Kalorama. http://www.kaloramainformation.com/Wound-Care-6422062/
Acknowledgments
The paper was co-produced within the framework of the operation entitled “Centre of Open innovation and ResEarch UM (CORE@UM)”. The operation is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and conducted within the framework of the Operational Programme for Strengthening Regional Development Potentials for the period 2007–2013, development priority 1: “Competitiveness of companies and research excellence”, priority axis 1.1: “Encouraging competitive potential of enterprises and research excellence”, contact No. 3330-13-500032. The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Slovenia and thank the Christian Doppler research association and the Austrian Ministry of Economics, Family and Youth (BMWFJ) for financial support.
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
All the authors have contributed to the work equally.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maver, T., Maver, U., Mostegel, F. et al. Cellulose based thin films as a platform for drug release studies to mimick wound dressing materials. Cellulose 22, 749–761 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0515-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0515-9