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Microstructure, distribution and properties of conductive polypyrrole/cellulose fiber composites

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Abstract

Highly intrinsic conductive polypyrrole/cellulose fiber composites (CF) were successfully prepared through in situ chemical oxidation polymerization simply by increasing fiber concentration at the same dosage of pyrrole, oxidant and dopant (based on the weight of dry fiber). FeCl3 and anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt (AQSNa) were utilized as oxidant and dopant. As fiber concentration increased from 1 % (CF1) to 20 % (CF20), N and S content increased from 0.24 and 0.25 % to 1.24 and 0.89 %, and great increase in the retention of PPy and AQSNa was confirmed by elemental analysis. In addition, on the surface of conductive fiber, PPy of compact fibroid structure was detected instead of interconnected globular structure at higher fiber concentration. Furthermore, scanning transmission electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)-depth profile analysis demonstrated denser and more uniformly distributed PPy inside fiber wall for CF20, while PPy tended to deposit on the surface of fiber for CF1. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, together with XPS certified that the PPy with longer conjugation length and higher doping level across the conductive fiber was obtained at higher fiber concentration. The doping level for CF10 decreased from 21.55 to 16.39 % with increasing fiber wall thickness, while that of CF20 decreased slightly from 30.73 to 24.10 %. The resulting CF20 showed lowest surface resistivity of 0.433 KΩ/square, as well as improved electro-conductivity stability. The incorporation of more PPy in CF improved the thermal stability.

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Acknowledgments

We express sincere thanks to NSERC CRD grant (CRDPJ 363811-07), the Canada Research Chairs program, National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21204046), the project-sponsored by SRF for ROCS, SEM, Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Shaanxi Province (2010JK440, 2010JK433) and Academic Leaders Cultivation Program of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology (XSG2010014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, Shaanxi, China

    Haihua Wang & Guiqiang Fei

  2. Limerick Pulp and Paper Center, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada

    Naravit Leaukosol, Zhibing He & Yonghao Ni

  3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Chuanling Si

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  1. Haihua Wang
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Correspondence to Haihua Wang.

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Wang, H., Leaukosol, N., He, Z. et al. Microstructure, distribution and properties of conductive polypyrrole/cellulose fiber composites. Cellulose 20, 1587–1601 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-9945-z

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