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Interactions between inorganic nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibrils

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Abstract

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is increasingly utilized in materials and biomedical applications consequently increasing interest in the modification of its surface properties. Besides modification using polyelectrolytes and polysaccharides, NFC can be combined with solid particles enabling formation of fibril network loaded with particles. Use of particles enabling easy functionalization could be beneficial for the development of hybrid structures, and lead to preparation of nanocomposites and functional materials. In order to explore interactions related to preparation of such structures, the interactions between nanosized precipitated calcium carbonate (nanoPCC) and nanoclay particles and NFC were examined by observing adsorption of the particles on NFC substrate using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. By a treatment with carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC), the anionicity of the NFC substrate could be increased, providing an additional tool to affect the interplay between NFC and the inorganic particles. For slightly cationic nanoPCC particles an increase in the anionicity of the NFC by the CMC treatment increased the affinity, while the opposite was true for anionic nanoclay. Additionally, for interactions between nanoclay and NFC, dispersion stability was an important factor. QCM-D was successfully used to examine the adsorption characteristics of nanoparticles although the technique is commonly used to study the adsorption of thin polymer layers. Distinct adsorption characteristics were observed depending on the nanoparticle used; nanoclay particles deposited as a thin layer, whereas nanoPCC particles formed clusters.

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Acknowledgments

This work was performed as a part of “Nanosellu I” project funded by Tekes (Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation) and UPM. Schaefer Kalk is thanked for donating the nanoPCC and Finnish Center for Nanocellulosic Technologies for NFC. Ritva Kivelä is acknowledged for performing part of the AFM measurements. Tekla Tammelin is thanked for valuable comments. Paula Eronen is acknowledged for guidance in adsorbed mass calculations and Laura Taajamaa for manuscript proof-reading. Joseph Campbell is acknowledged for linguistic support.

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  1. Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University School of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 16300, 00076, Aalto, Finland

    Tiina Nypelö, Hanna Pynnönen, Monika Österberg, Jouni Paltakari & Janne Laine

  2. LUT Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, 53851, Lappeenranta, Finland

    Monika Österberg

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Nypelö, T., Pynnönen, H., Österberg, M. et al. Interactions between inorganic nanoparticles and cellulose nanofibrils. Cellulose 19, 779–792 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-012-9656-x

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