Skip to main content
Log in

On the rotation of comet Borrelly’s nucleus

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We consider the secular effect of outgassing torques on the rotation of a comet nucleus. An averaging method is applied to obtain evolutionary equations which allow us to study the long-term variations in the nucleus spin state. Since the spin axis direction of 19P/Borrelly’s nucleus is close to the line of apsides direction, a simplified version of these equations can be written to analytically study the most important qualitative effects. In particular, a correlation between the drift of the rotation axis direction and the possible spin up/spin down of the nucleus is revealed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Belton M.J.S., Julian W.H., Anderson A.J., Mueller B.E.A.: The spin state and homogeneity of comet Halley’s nucleus. Icarus 93, 183–193 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bois, E., Oberti, P., Froeschlé, C.: Rotational behavior of cometary-type bodies. In: Ferraz-Mello, S. (ed.) Chaos, Resonance and Collective Dynamical Phenomena in the Solar System, pp. 291–296. Kluwer, Dordrecht (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Britt, D.T., 9 co-authors: The geology of comet 19P/Borrelly. LPI 33, 1686 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Burns J.A., Safronov V.: Asteroid nutation angles. MNRAS 165, 403–411 (1973)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Chernousko, F.L.: On the motion of a satellite about the mass centre under the action of gravitational moments. Prikl. Mat. Mekh. 27, 474–483 (1963) (in Russian); Appl. Math. Mech. 27, 708–722 (English translation)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chesley S.R.: Modeling comet nongravitational accelerations with discrete rotating jets. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 34, 869 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Crifo J.F., Rodionov A.V.: Modelling the circumnuclear coma of comets: objectives, methods and recent results. Planet. Space Sci. 47, 797–826 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidsson B.J.R., Gutiérrez P.J.: Estimating the nucleus density of comet 19P/Borrelly. Icarus 168, 392–408 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Efroimsky M.: Precession of a freely rotating rigid body. Inelastic relaxation in the vicinity of poles. J. Math. Phys. 41, 1854–1888 (2000)

    Article  MATH  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Efroimsky M., Lazarian A.: Inelastic dissipation in wobbling asteroids and comets. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 311, 269–278 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Farnham T.L., Cochran A.L.: A McDonald observatory study of comet 19P/Borrelly: placing the Deep Space 1 observations into a broader context. Icarus 160, 398–418 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez P.J., Davidsson B.J.R.: Non-gravitational force modeling of Comet 81P/Wild 2. Icarus 191, 651–664 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez P.J., Jorda L., Ortiz J.L., Rodrigo R.: Long-term simulation of the rotational state of small irregular cometary nucleui. Astron. Astrophys. 406, 1123–1133 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez P.J., Jorda L., Samarasinha N.H., Lamy P.: Outgassing-induced effects in the rotational state of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during the Rosetta mission. Planet. Space Sci. 53, 1135–1145 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Jewitt D.: Cometary rotation: an overview. Earth Moon Planets 79, 35–53 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Julian W.H.: Free precession of the comet Halley nucleus. Nature 326, 57–58 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Julian W.H.: The comet Halley nucleus: random jets. Icarus 88, 355–371 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinoshita H.: Analytical expansions of torque-free motions for short and long axis modes. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 53, 365–375 (1992)

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamy P.L., Toth I., Weaver H.A.: Hubble space telescope observations of the nucleus and inner coma of comet 19P/1904 Y2 (Borrelly). Astron. Astrophys. 337, 945–954 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden B.G., Sekanina Z., Yeomans D.K.: Comets and nongravitational forces. V. Astron. J. 78, 211–225 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller B.E.A., Samarasinha N.H.: Visible lightcurve observations of comet 19p/Borrelly. Earth Moon Planets 90, 463–471 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mysen E.: The dynamics of globally active triaxial comets, with applications to asteroid rotation. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 372, 1345–1350 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Neishtadt A.I., Scheeres D.J., Sidorenko V.V., Vasiliev A.A.: Evolution of comet nucleus rotation. Icarus 157, 205–218 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Neishtadt A.I., Scheeres D.J., Sidorenko V.V., Stooke P., Vasiliev A.A.: The influence of reactive torques on comet nucleus rotation. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 90, 307–330 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Oberti, P., Bois, E., Froeschlé, C.: Rotational behavior of comet nuclei under gravitational perturbations. Asteroids Comets Meteors 1991, pp. 439–442. LPI, Houston (1992)

  • Peale S.J., Lissauer J.J.: Rotation of Halley’s comet. Icarus 79, 396–430 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubincam D.P.: Radiative spin-up and spin-down of small asteroids. Icarus 148, 2–11 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Samarasinha N.H.: Rotation and activity of comets. Adv. Space Res. 39, 421–427 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Samarasinha N.H., Belton M.J.S.: Long-term evolution of rotational states and nongravitational effects for Halley-like cometary nuclei. Icarus 116, 340–358 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Samarasinha N.H., Mueller B.E.A.: Spin axis direction of comet 19P/Borrelly based on observations from 2000 and 2001. Earth Moon Planets 90, 473–482 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Samarasinha, N.H., Mueller, B.E.A., Belton, M.J.S., Jorda, L.: Rotation of cometary nuclei. In: Festou, M.C., Keller, H.U., Weaver, H.A. (eds.) Comets II, pp. 281–299. University of Arizona Press, Tucson (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sazonov V.V.: Motion of an asteroid about its center of mass due to torque from light pressure. Sol. Syst. Res. 28, 152–162 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher D.G., Woodney L.M., Mills R.L.: Comet 19P/Borrelly at multiple apparations: seasonal variations in gas production and dust morphology. Icarus 162, 415–442 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Seidelmann, P.K., 14 co-authors: Report of the IAU/IAG working group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 98, 155–180 (2007)

    Article  MATH  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sekanina Z., Brownlee D.E., Economou T.E., Tuzzolino A.J., Green S.F.: Modeling the nucleus and jets of comet 81P/Wild 2 based on the stardust encounter data. Science 304, 1769–1774 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma I., Burns J.A., Hui C.-Y.: Nutational damping times in solids of revolution. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 359, 79–92 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Soderblom, L.A., 20 co-authors: Encounter with comet 19P/Borrelly: results from the Deep Space 1 miniature integrated camera and spectrometer. LPI 33, 1256 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Szegö K., Crifo J.F., Földy L., Lagerros J.S.V., Rodionov A.V.: Dynamical effects of comet P/Halley gas production. Astron. Astrophys. 370, L35–L38 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, P.C., 13 co-authors: The shape, topography, and geology of Tempel 1 from deep impact observations. Icarus 187, 4–15 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vokrouhlický D., Breiter S., Nesvorny D., Bottke W.F.: Generalized YORP evolution: onset of tumbling and new asymptotic states. Icarus 191, 636–650 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Whipple F.L.: A comet model. I. Acceleration of comet Encke. Astrophys. J. 113, 464–474 (1951)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker E.T.: A Treatise on the Analytical Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies, 2nd edn. University Press, Cambridge, UK (1917)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. V. Sidorenko.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sidorenko, V.V., Scheeres, D.J. & Byram, S.M. On the rotation of comet Borrelly’s nucleus. Celest Mech Dyn Astr 102, 133–147 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-008-9160-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10569-008-9160-7

Keywords

Navigation