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Autophagy-mediating microRNAs in cancer chemoresistance

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Abstract

Chemoresistance is a complex phenomenon responsible for failure in response to chemotherapy agents and more than 90% of deaths in cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a subgroup of non-coding RNAs with lengths between 21 and 25 nucleotides, are involved in various cancer processes like chemoresistance via interacting with their target mRNAs and suppressing their expression. Autophagy is a greatly conserved procedure involving the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic contents and organelles to deal with environmental stresses like hypoxia and starvation. Autophagy contributes to response to chemotherapy agents: autophagy can act as a protective mechanism for mediating the resistance in response to chemotherapy or can induce autophagic cell death and mediate the sensitivity to chemotherapy. On the other hand, one of the processes targeted by microRNAs in the regulation of chemoresistance is autophagy. Hence, we studied the literatures on chemoresistance mechanisms, the miRNAs’ role in cancer, and the miRNAs’ role in chemoresistance by modulating autophagy.

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Funding

The current work was funded by Nature Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (#LY18H060013 to WQL) and Public Welfare Application Plan Project of Shaoxing (#2018C30109 to YMJ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China

    Yuanming Jing, Lin Zhang, Jianguo Wei, Jianhui Yang & Yu Zhang

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China

    Wenqing Liang

  3. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Oriental Hepatobiliary Hospital, Shanghai, 200438, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Liu

  4. Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, People’s Republic of China

    Zongliang Huang

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Highlights

• There are various players in resistance to chemotherapy.

• MicroRNAs are dysregulated in cancer cells and mediate chemoresistance.

• MicroRNAs can mediate chemoresistance by inducing or inhibiting autophagy.

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Jing, Y., Liang, W., Liu, J. et al. Autophagy-mediating microRNAs in cancer chemoresistance. Cell Biol Toxicol 36, 517–536 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-020-09553-1

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