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Optimizing Pt/Pd Ratios for Enhanced Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation of CO and C3H6 on Al2O3 Support

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Abstract

This study investigated the impact of diverse Pt–Pd ratios on the activity and performance of DOC. A range of Pt–Pd catalysts with different Pt–Pd ratios and monometallic Pd and Pt catalysts on Al2O3 support were evaluated systematically. 0.5%wt PGM was used to avoid the high catalyst costs. The light-off temperatures and conversion efficiencies of CO, NO, and C3H6 were investigated under simulated diesel exhaust conditions. Several scientific techniques were used to characterize the catalysts, such as XRD, XPS, H2-TPR, and CO2 TPD. The results demonstrated that using bimetallic Pt–Pd catalysts on Al2O3 support significantly improved light-off temperatures and conversion efficiency than monometallic Pt and Pd catalysts. The order of light-off temperatures and CO and C3H6 conversions was: 0.4Pt0.1Pd < 0.3Pt0.2Pd < 0.2Pt0.3Pd < 0.1Pt0.4Pd < 0.5Pd < 0.5Pt. The synergistic enhancement of catalytic activity can be ascribed to the coexistence of active sites for Pt and Pd. 0.4Pt0.1Pd bimetallic catalyst showed best activity and stability in conversion of CO and C3H6 among all catalysts. As a result of the competitive adsorption of C3H6 and CO on Pt surface, which restricts the availability of adsorbed oxygen, the monometallic Pt/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated high light-off temperatures and slow CO and C3H6 conversion rates. However, the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst showed very stable conversion efficiency, demonstrating metallic Pd’s higher stability than Pt/Al2O3. Results demonstrated that Pt can be prudently incorporated into Pd-catalysts to improve their catalytic activity. It is noteworthy that the optimal Pt to Pd ratio plays a vital role in balancing activity and stability. The careful use of Pt-modified Pt–Pd bimetallic catalysts holds promise for achieving desired emissions conversion conditions. For instance, the 0.4Pt0.1Pd bimetallic catalysts exhibited superior activity and stability in the conversion of CO and C3H6 compared to other bimetallic catalysts. Pt loading above a specific amount may reduce activity due to Pt and Pd active site overlap and saturation.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support for this paper was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant numbers (52350410469), (52076104), and (52375248).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Sheikh Muhammad Farhan, Pan Wang & Jing Yi

  2. School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Sheikh Muhammad Farhan, JianJun Yin & Zhijian Chen

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  1. Sheikh Muhammad Farhan
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Correspondence to Pan Wang.

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Farhan, S.M., Wang, P., Yin, J. et al. Optimizing Pt/Pd Ratios for Enhanced Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation of CO and C3H6 on Al2O3 Support. Catal Lett (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-024-04638-6

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