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Greener Approach for Pd–NPs Synthesis Using Mangifera Indica Leaf Extract: Heterogeneous Nano Catalyst for Direct C–H Arylation of (Poly)Fluorobenzene, Hiyama Coupling Reaction and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Study

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Abstract

An efficient heterogeneous catalyst with 51.63% palladium (Pd) content is synthesized biogenically using mango leaf extract. The phytochemicals present in plant extract are proven to be responsible for the reduction of Pd (II) to Pd (0) without the need of an external reductant. The formation of Pd (0) is confirmed by XRD, UV–Visible analysis. The as-synthesized heterogeneous Pd–NPs catalyst demonstrated a remarkable catalytic activity in the direct C–H arylation of pentafluorobenzene and Hiyama cross coupling. The Pd–NPs were found to be exhibit a superior electrocatalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Pd–NPs catalyst required an over potential − 94 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2. Further, the Tafel slope revealed that HER proceeds via Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanism. Additionally, the mechanistic elucidation was addressed and catalyst recyclability was examined and found to be promising.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Deputyship for Research and Innovation- Ministry of Education, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for this research through grant (NU/IFC/INT/01/002) under the Institutional Funding Committee at Najran University, Kingdon of Saudi Arabia.The authors thank, DST-SERB, Government of India, for the financial support through the research grant: File Nos. SB/S2/RJN-042/2017 and ECR/2017/002207. Author also thanks to Jain University Start-up Research Grant, for financial support.

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  1. Akshay S. Limaye and Mabkhoot Alsaiari have equally contributed to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Ramanagaram, Bangalore, 562112, India

    Akshay S. Limaye, Pratik V. Shinde, Arnab Ghosh, Chandra Sekhar Rout, Siddappa A. Patil & Ramesh B. Dateer

  2. Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano- Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia

    Mabkhoot Alsaiari, Mohammed Jalalah & Farid A. Harraz

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Jalalah

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia

    Mabkhoot Alsaiari

  5. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. 87, Helwan, 11421, Cairo, Egypt

    Farid A. Harraz

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Limaye, A.S., Alsaiari, M., Shinde, P.V. et al. Greener Approach for Pd–NPs Synthesis Using Mangifera Indica Leaf Extract: Heterogeneous Nano Catalyst for Direct C–H Arylation of (Poly)Fluorobenzene, Hiyama Coupling Reaction and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Study. Catal Lett 153, 1988–2004 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-022-04138-5

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