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A Novel Nanoencapsulated Zirconium(IV) Chloride Using Non-cross-linked Polystyrene as a Recyclable Lewis Acid Catalyst: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Towards Acylation of Alcohols and Phenols

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Abstract

Zirconium(IV) chloride/polymer composite nanocapsules with multiple ZrCl4 cores embedded in a non-cross-linked polystyrene shell were first synthesized by coacervation technique and then this heterogenized Lewis acid, PS-NCZrCl4, as a novel and recoverable catalyst showed high efficiency for the selective catalytic acetylation of various alcohols and phenols using acetic anhydride as an acylating reagent at room temperature. The nanocapsules with the average particle size of 600 nm were stable and the encapsulated catalyst showed no appreciable loss of metal ions from nanocapsules suggesting stabilization of the complex was provided by nanocapsules. The linear polystyrene-nanoencapsulated ZrCl4 exhibited excellent catalytic activity and reusability in the acetylation of alcohols and phenols and permeability of the shells of nanocapsules enabled catalytic reactions.

Graphical Abstract

A novel nanoencapsulated zirconium(IV) chloride was prepared by the coacervation technique using non cross-linked polystyrene and used as an environmentally friendly and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for efficient and selective acetylation of various alcohols and phenols using acetic anhydride at room temperature.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Petro Paak petrochemical company, for providing the polystyrene samples, and partial support provided by the Shahid Beheshti University Research Council (Grant No. 1156/1/130/J-1398) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Science, Shahid Beheshti University, P. O. Box: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Rahmatpour & Sara Alinejad

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  1. Ali Rahmatpour
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  2. Sara Alinejad
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Contributions

AR: Conceptualization, investigation, writing-original draft, product characterization, writing-review, and editing; SA: executing reactions, characterization, methodology, and data curation.

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Correspondence to Ali Rahmatpour.

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Rahmatpour, A., Alinejad, S. A Novel Nanoencapsulated Zirconium(IV) Chloride Using Non-cross-linked Polystyrene as a Recyclable Lewis Acid Catalyst: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Towards Acylation of Alcohols and Phenols. Catal Lett 152, 3655–3668 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-022-03933-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-022-03933-4

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