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Ru–C–ZnO Composite Catalysts for the Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone via Single Step Gas Phase Acetone Self-Condensation

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Abstract

Ruthenium/activated charcoal (Ru–C) was modified by a solid–solid interaction method with synthesized nano-zinc oxide (n-ZnO). Three different ratios of Ru–C:n-ZnO (1:2, 1:1 and 3:2) were used to prepare Ru–C–ZnO composite catalysts. These were used in the gas-phase, one-step self-condensation of acetone to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The composite catalyst (1:1 ratio) contained 2.5 wt% Ru showed superior conversion of acetone and selectivity for MIBK. Furthermore, this catalyst showed good consistency for MIBK formation for 100 h without any deactivation. Characterization of the catalysts revealed that balanced hydrogenation and acid–base functional character is crucial to obtain high catalytic performance.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Felicity Sartain, Bio-Nano Ltd., UK for her support in revising English, W. Schwieger, Alexandra Inyat, Amer Inyat, Hallah Alyousef, Dirk Enk, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany for their technical support in catalyst characterization, Abdulaziz AL-Ghashem, Muhamad Ashinqiti, Muhamad Ashammeri and Faez Al-Otaibi, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for their support in reactor operation. KACST is acknowledged for funding this work under project No. 29-280.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Petrochemicals and Refining Center, Petrochemicals Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Abdulaziz A. Bagabas

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Mokhtar, Katabathini Narasimharao & Sulaiman N. Basahel

  3. Department of Chemistry, Baku State University, Zahid Xalilov St. 23, Baku, Azerbaijan Republic

    Vagif M. Akhmedov

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Abdulrahman Al-Rabiah

Authors
  1. Abdulaziz A. Bagabas
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  2. Mohamed Mokhtar
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  3. Vagif M. Akhmedov
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  4. Katabathini Narasimharao
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  5. Sulaiman N. Basahel
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  6. Abdulrahman Al-Rabiah
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Correspondence to Abdulaziz A. Bagabas.

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Bagabas, A.A., Mokhtar, M., Akhmedov, V.M. et al. Ru–C–ZnO Composite Catalysts for the Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone via Single Step Gas Phase Acetone Self-Condensation. Catal Lett 144, 1278–1288 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-014-1253-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-014-1253-1

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