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Hydrogenation of Succinic Acid to γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) Over Palladium-Alumina Composite Catalyst Prepared by a Single-Step Sol–Gel Method

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Abstract

Mesoporous palladium-alumina (Pd-A) composite catalysts prepared by a single-step sol–gel method were calcined at various temperatures to control palladium surface area and acidity. The Pd-A catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, H2 chemisorption, 27Al MAS NMR, NH3-TPD, and HR-TEM analyses. Liquid-phase hydrogenation of succinic acid to γ-butyrolactone (GBL) was carried out over Pd-A catalyst in a batch reactor. The effect of calcination temperature of Pd-A catalyst on the palladium surface area and catalytic performance was investigated. In the hydrogenation of succinic acid, conversion of succinic acid increased with increasing palladium surface area of Pd-A catalyst. Selectivity for GBL depended on the formation of succinic anhydride (an intermediate product formed by acid catalysis) and by-products (formed by hydrogenolysis). Nevertheless, yield for GBL also increased with increasing palladium surface area of Pd-A catalyst. Thus, palladium surface area played an important role in enhancing the catalytic performance of Pd-A catalyst in the hydrogenation of succinic acid to GBL.

Graphical Abstract

In the hydrogenation of succinic acid to γ-butyrolactone (GBL) over Pd-A catalyst (mesoporous palladium-alumina composite catalyst prepared by a single-step sol–gel method), conversion of succinic acid and yield for GBL increased with increasing palladium surface area of the catalyst.

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Acknowledgement

This subject is supported by Korea Ministry of Environment as “Converging Technology Project (202-091-001)”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Shinlim-dong, Kwanak-ku, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea

    Ung Gi Hong, Joongwon Lee, Sunhwan Hwang & In Kyu Song

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  1. Ung Gi Hong
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  2. Joongwon Lee
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  3. Sunhwan Hwang
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  4. In Kyu Song
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Correspondence to In Kyu Song.

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Hong, U.G., Lee, J., Hwang, S. et al. Hydrogenation of Succinic Acid to γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) Over Palladium-Alumina Composite Catalyst Prepared by a Single-Step Sol–Gel Method. Catal Lett 141, 332–338 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-010-0502-1

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