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Platelet rich fibrin: a new paradigm in periodontal regeneration

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Abstract

Among the great challenges facing clinical research is the development of bioactive surgical additives regulating inflammation and increasing healing. Although the use of fibrin adhesives and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is well documented, they have their own limitations. Hence, reconstructive dental surgeons are looking for an “edge” that jump starts the healing process to maximize predictability as well as the volume of regenerated bone. Overcoming the restrictions related to the reimplantation of blood-derived products, a new family of platelet concentrate, which is neither a fibrin glue nor a classical platelet concentrate, was developed in France. This second generation platelet concentrate called platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), has been widely used to accelerate soft and hard tissue healing. Its advantages over the better known PRP include ease of preparation/application, minimal expense, and lack of biochemical modification (no bovine thrombin or anticoagulant is required). This article serves as an introduction to the PRF “concept” and its potential clinical applications with emphasis on periodontal regeneration.

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Abbreviations

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

CCE:

Crestal core elevation

CD:

Cluster of Differentiation

cPRP:

Concentrated platelet-rich plasma

CR3:

Complement Receptor 3

FDBA:

Freeze-dried bone allograft

FDPs:

Fibrinogen degradation products

GBR:

Guided bone regeneration

IGF:

Insulin-like growth factor

IL:

Interleukin

IL-1Ra:

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

L-PRF:

Leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin

MCAF:

Modified coronally advanced flap

OFD:

Open flap debridement

OMSFE:

Osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation

OPG:

Osteoprotegrin

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

p-ERK:

Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase

PPP:

Platelet-poor plasma

PRF:

Platelet-rich fibrin

PRFe:

PRF extract

PRFM:

Platelet-rich fibrin matrix

PRP:

Platelet-rich plasma

RBCs:

Red blood cells

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

WBCs:

White blood cells

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontics, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Mysore Road, Ramohalli Cross, Bangalore, 560060, India

    R. Vinaya Kumar

  2. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Mysore Road, Ramohalli Cross, Bangalore, 560060, India

    N. Shubhashini

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  1. R. Vinaya Kumar
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  2. N. Shubhashini
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Correspondence to R. Vinaya Kumar.

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Vinaya Kumar, R., Shubhashini, N. Platelet rich fibrin: a new paradigm in periodontal regeneration. Cell Tissue Bank 14, 453–463 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-012-9349-6

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