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Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in cancer

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews volume 31, pages 615–620 (2012)Cite this article

Abstract

Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) was initially identified as phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein in bovine brain. It was later identified as a protein that inhibits Raf kinase activation of MEK. Further exploration has revealed that RKIP modulates several other signaling pathways including NF–κB and G-protein signaling. A gene array screen revealed that RKIP expression was low in a metastatic compared with non-metastatic prostate cancer cell line. Further experiments revealed that RKIP fits the criteria for a metastasis suppressor gene. RKIP expression has been shown to be downregulated in metastatic tissues, compared with non-metastatic tissue in multiple cancers, suggesting that loss of RKIP metastasis suppressor activity is a broad mechanism leading to metastasis. Additionally, loss of RKIP has been shown to impact therapy through conferring radioresistance and chemoresistance. Taken together, these data indicate understanding RKIP’s contributions to cancer may lead to important therapeutic strategies to prevent metastasis and promote therapeutic efficacy.

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  1. Department of Urology, University of Michigan, RM 5308 Cancer Center, 1500 East Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    June Escara-Wilke & Evan T. Keller

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA

    Kam Yeung

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  1. June Escara-Wilke
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  2. Kam Yeung
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Correspondence to Evan T. Keller.

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Escara-Wilke, J., Yeung, K. & Keller, E.T. Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 31, 615–620 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-012-9365-9

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Keywords

  • Metastasis
  • Chemoresistance
  • Radioresistance
  • Prostate cancer
  • RKIP