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Association of whole blood viscosity with thrombus presence in patients undergoing transoesophageal echocardiography

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Abstract

Whole blood viscosity (WBV) is considered as a reasonable proxy measure of blood flow, and it has been investigated in different cohort settings, including in patients with deep venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, acute stent thrombosis, and left ventricular apical thrombus formation following acute coronary syndrome. To determine the association between WBV and the presence of thrombus in the left atrium (LA) or left atrial appendage (LAA) in individuals who had transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The clinical data from 262 consecutive patients who had TEE at our facility were included in this retrospective cohort study. WBV was determined at both a high shear rate (HSR) and low shear rate (LSR) using hematocrit and total protein levels. In 22 cases (8.3%), the thrombus was detected. According to multivariable analyses, WBV at HSR and LSR were independently linked with thrombus detection in TEE. In a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under curve (AUC) values of WBV at HSR and LSR were 0.77 and 0.76, respectively. To predict the presence of thrombus in TEE; the ideal value of WBV at HSR was > 16.6 with 81% sensitivity and 69% specificity and the ideal value of WBV at LSR was > 51.4 with 81% sensitivity and 70% specificity. This was the first study to indicate that significantly higher levels of WBV at both the HSR and LSR were linked to the presence of thrombus in the LA and LAA in cases who underwent TEE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Tibbiye Street, 34678, Üsküdar, Istanbul, Turkey

    Tufan Çınar, Murat Selçuk, Vedat Çiçek, Selami Doğan, Şahhan Kılıç, Samet Yavuz, Mert Babaoğlu, Mehmet Uzun & Ahmet Lütfullah Orhan

  2. Department of Cardiology, Dr. Siyami Ersek Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mert İlker Hayıroğlu

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  1. Tufan Çınar
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  2. Mert İlker Hayıroğlu
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  3. Murat Selçuk
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  10. Ahmet Lütfullah Orhan
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Correspondence to Tufan Çınar.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Ethics Committee approved the investigation's protocol and design (Decision Number = 21/481). This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

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Informed consent was obtained just to perform the TEE procedure.

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Çınar, T., Hayıroğlu, M.İ., Selçuk, M. et al. Association of whole blood viscosity with thrombus presence in patients undergoing transoesophageal echocardiography. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 38, 601–607 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-021-02445-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-021-02445-3

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