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Normal reference values for mechanical mitral prosthetic valve inner diameters and areas assessed by two-dimensional and real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography

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Abstract

It was previously observed that two dimensional (2D) Doppler derived and real-time three-dimensional (RT-3D) directly measured valve areas were smaller than reported manufacturer sizes. It may be helpful to obtain the ranges of inner diameters (IDs) and the geometric orifice area (GOA) during evaluation of prosthetic mitral valves. In this study, we aimed to provide reference dimensional parameters of bileflet mitral mechanical prosthetic valves. Patients with recent mitral valve replacement were examined by 2D and RT-3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in the early postoperative period when the presence of pannus overgrowth was unlikely. Measurements of 2D IDs, 3D hinge to hinge (HHD) and edge to edge diameters (EED) and 3D GOA were obtained and compared with reported manufacturer sizes and areas. This study enrolled 126 patients with mitral prosthetic valves (38 ATS, 42 Carbomedics, 46 St. Jude Medical, all bileaflet). The measured 2D and 3D IDs and GOA were significantly smaller than reported manufacturer sizes in the majority of the valve sizes. This RT-3D TEE-guided study provides ranges of reference values for directly measured IDs and GOA of the three most commonly used mechanical mitral prosthetic valve types for the first time in a relatively large series.

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Acknowledgement

The first two investigaters were equally contributed in this study.

Funding

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Hitit University, Buharaevler Mah. Buhara 25. Sok. No:1 /A Daire:22, Çorum, Turkey

    Macit Kalçık

  2. Department of Cardiology, Koşuyolu Kartal Heart Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mehmet Özkan, Sabahattin Gündüz, Emrah Bayam & Semih Kalkan

  3. Division of Health Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey

    Mehmet Özkan

  4. Department of Cardiology, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy

  5. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kars Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey

    Mahmut Yesin & Süleyman Karakoyun

  6. Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ahmet Güner

  7. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Halil İbrahim Tanboğa

Authors
  1. Macit Kalçık
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  2. Mehmet Özkan
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  3. Sabahattin Gündüz
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  4. Mustafa Ozan Gürsoy
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  5. Mahmut Yesin
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  6. Emrah Bayam
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  7. Ahmet Güner
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  8. Semih Kalkan
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  9. Süleyman Karakoyun
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  10. Halil İbrahim Tanboğa
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Contributions

Conceptualization: MÖ, MK, SG, AG, SK; Methodology: MÖ, MK, MY, EB, SK, SK, HİT; Formal analysis and investigation: SG, MOG, MY, EB, SK, SK, HİT; Writing - original draft preparation: SG, MY, EB, AG, SK; Writing - review and editing: MÖ, MK, MOG, AG SK, HİT; Supervision: MÖ, MK, SG, MOG, SK, HİT.

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Correspondence to Macit Kalçık.

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Kalçık, M., Özkan, M., Gündüz, S. et al. Normal reference values for mechanical mitral prosthetic valve inner diameters and areas assessed by two-dimensional and real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 37, 547–557 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-020-02039-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-020-02039-5

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