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Coffee consumption and risk of renal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort evidence

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Abstract

Purpose

There is increasing evidence that coffee consumption is related to reduced risks for some cancers, but the evidence for renal cancer is inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the cohort evidence of this relationship.

Methods

A literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase through February 2021. Meta-analyses using a random effects model were conducted for reported relative risk estimates (RRs) relating coffee intake and renal cancer incidence or mortality. We also performed a two-stage random effects exposure–response meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed.

Results

In a meta-analysis of the ten identified cohort studies, we found a summary RR of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–0.99] relating the highest vs. the lowest category of coffee intake and renal cancer, with no significant between-study heterogeneity observed (I2 = 35%, p = 0.13). This inverse association remained among studies of incident cancers (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.76–0.96) and studies adjusting for smoking and body mass index (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99).

Conclusions

Our findings from this meta-analysis of the published cohort evidence are suggestive of an inverse association between coffee consumption and renal cancer risk.

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Data availability

All data reported in this manuscript are found in the literature as cited in the text.

Code availability

Researchers who are interested in R codes for the analyses may contact the authors.

Abbreviations

MeSH:

Medical subject headings

MOOSE:

Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology

RR:

Relative risk

CI:

Confidence interval

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

BMI:

Body mass index

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Funding

This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA

    Jongeun Rhee & Mark P. Purdue

  2. Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

    Rachel K. Lim

Authors
  1. Jongeun Rhee
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  2. Rachel K. Lim
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  3. Mark P. Purdue
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Contributions

JR: designed study, extracted data, conducted analyses, and wrote the manuscript. RKL contributed to literature searches, literature review, data retrieval and provided feedback to the manuscript. MPP critically reviewed the manuscript and supervised the project.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark P. Purdue.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The systematic review and meta-analysis do not require ethical approval or consent to participate.

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Rhee, J., Lim, R.K. & Purdue, M.P. Coffee consumption and risk of renal cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort evidence. Cancer Causes Control 33, 101–108 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01506-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01506-1

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