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Healthy dietary patterns and risk and survival of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

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Abstract

Purposes

Dietary patterns have been found to be associated with the overall cancer risk and survival. However, the associations of healthy dietary patterns and breast cancer remain unclear. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to estimate the pooled results of the association of healthy dietary patterns with breast cancer risk and survival.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for literature published until June 24th, 2018 that examined the associations between healthy dietary patterns and breast cancer risk and survival. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using a random-effects model for meta-analysis.

Results

There were 32 articles retrieved for the meta-analysis, with 27 for breast cancer risk and five for breast cancer survival. There was a statistically significant lower risk of breast cancer associated with healthy dietary patterns (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.98). Subgroup analysis results suggested that there was an inverse association between breast cancer risk and posterori-derived healthy patterns, but no statistically significant associations were found in other stratified subgroups (a priori-derived diet, study region, menopausal status, or breast cancer subtypes). Healthy dietary patterns were associated inversely with all-cause mortality (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.92); however, no association was found for breast cancer-specific mortality.

Conclusions

The results suggested that healthy dietary patterns might be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer and all-cause mortality among breast cancer patients. It could be clinically relevant to promote healthy dietary patterns for breast cancer prevention and improve survival among breast cancer patients.

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Acknowledgment

The authors appreciate the help of authors of included articles for providing additional information needed for the analysis. The authors’ responsibilities were as follows—RH: data selection, data extraction, quality assessment of literature, wrote the paper, and contributed to the writing, editing, and proofreading of the final version of the article; JW: conducted the literature search, data selection, data extraction, quality assessment of literature, conducted the statistical analysis, and contributed to the writing, editing, and proofreading of the final version of the article; YH: data selection, data extraction, quality assessment of literature, conducted the statistical analysis, and contributed to the writing, editing, and proofreading of the final version of the article; XZ, SX, EKC, VSV: contributed to the writing, editing, and proofreading of the final version of the article.

Funding

Xiaotao Zhang was funded (in part) by a Research Training Award for Cancer Prevention Post-Graduate Training Program in Integrative Epidemiology from the Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas, Grant Number RP160097 (PI: M. Spitz).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, USA

    Ruixue Hou & Venkata Saroja Voruganti

  2. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Jingkai Wei & Xuezheng Sun

  3. Department of Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA

    Yirui Hu

  4. Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Epidemiology & Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Xiaotao Zhang

  5. School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar

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Hou, R., Wei, J., Hu, Y. et al. Healthy dietary patterns and risk and survival of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Cancer Causes Control 30, 835–846 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-019-01193-z

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