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Residential exposure to ultraviolet light and risk of precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: assessing the role of individual risk factors, the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies

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Abstract

Background

In a previous nationwide ecological study based on 20 years of registration and 7,443 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we reported a positive association between residential solar ultraviolet (UV) light at diagnosis and childhood precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (PBC-ALL).

Objective

The present study investigated the influence of suspected individual risk factors for ALL on the association between UV and PBC-ALL, and evaluated this association at the residence at birth.

Methods

Individual data collected by interviews in the ESCALE (2003–2004) and ESTELLE (2010–2011) nationwide case–control studies, which included 1,511 cases of leukemia aged less than 15 years and 3,102 population controls, were analyzed. Municipalities of residences at birth and at diagnosis/interview were extracted and assigned UV radiation exposure from the EUROSUN database. The potential confounders or effect modifiers considered were strongly suspected risk factors for ALL that were available in the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies.

Results

UV exposure at diagnosis was associated with PBC-ALL (OR = 1.27 [1.08–1.48]) for UV > 105.5 J/cm2 compared to UV ≤ 105.5 J/cm2. Considering exposure to UV at birth rather than at diagnosis/inclusion yielded almost identical results as both variables were strongly correlated. Taking into account the suspected ALL risk factors did not affect this association in the pooled study.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that our previous observation of an ecological association between residential UV radiation exposure at diagnosis and PBC-ALL was not confounded or modified by individual risk factors, and that the critical exposure time window may be prenatal.

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Abbreviations

UV:

Ultraviolet

AL:

Acute leukemia

ALL:

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

PBC-ALL:

Precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Acknowledgments

The ESCALE and ESTELLE studies were supported by grants from INSERM, the Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, the Fondation de France, the Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, the Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits de Santé (ANSM), the Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), the association Cent pour sang la vie, the association Enfants cancer et santé, the Institut National du Cancer (INCa), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), the Cancéropôle Ile de France. Astrid Coste also received funding from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FDT20160435122) for her PhD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Epidemiology of Childhood and Adolescent Cancers Research Group (EPICEA), Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), INSERM, UMR 1153, Paris Descartes University, 75014, Paris, France

    Astrid Coste, Denis Hémon, Laurent Orsi, Laure Faure, Jacqueline Clavel & Stéphanie Goujon

  2. French National Registry of Childhood Hematological Malignancies (NRCH), Villejuif, France

    Laure Faure, Jacqueline Clavel & Stéphanie Goujon

  3. University of Strathclyde Institute of Global Public Health at iPRI, International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France

    Mathieu Boniol

  4. Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM, UMR 1052 CNRS 52B6, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France

    Jean-François Doré

Authors
  1. Astrid Coste
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  2. Denis Hémon
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  3. Laurent Orsi
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  4. Mathieu Boniol
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  5. Jean-François Doré
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  6. Laure Faure
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  7. Jacqueline Clavel
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  8. Stéphanie Goujon
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Astrid Coste.

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Coste, A., Hémon, D., Orsi, L. et al. Residential exposure to ultraviolet light and risk of precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: assessing the role of individual risk factors, the ESCALE and ESTELLE studies. Cancer Causes Control 28, 1075–1083 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0936-5

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