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Androgen receptor expression inversely correlates with histological grade and N stage in ER+/PgRlow male breast cancer

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Abstract

Purpose

Androgen Receptor (AR) positivity is often displayed in breast cancer and especially in Male Breast Cancer (MBC), where it appears to be a heterogeneous feature, with its expression ranging between 38 and 81% of cases. Given the fact that circulating androgens represent the most important sex hormones in males and that breast carcinogenesis is characteristically subjected to hormonal mechanisms, our purpose was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of AR in MBC assessing if its expression could be associated with parameters of tumor aggressiveness.

Methods

Clinical and pathological data were retrospectively reviewed for male patients with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. AR status was detected by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumoral tissue sections. Correlations between AR expression and histopathological features were assessed using univariate and multiple comparisons where appropriate, assuming P values < 0.05 as statistically significant.

Results

The study included 44 consecutive male patients. AR expression ranged between 10 and 98% and the majority of cases presented a moderate to high expression of this receptor. Adopting a 20% PgR cut-off, statistical analyses highlighted a different behavior of AR: in ER+/PgRhigh group, it positively correlated with the other steroid receptors pointing out the importance of hormonal cross-talk: in ER+/PgRlow group, AR status inversely correlated with histological grade and lymph node status.

Conclusion

Hormonal factors reveal to play a crucial role in MBC carcinogenesis and progression. Intriguingly, in ER+/PgRlow tumors AR expression significantly correlates with lymph node status, hinting at a favorable biological role of AR in this tumor subgroup.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge all the patients that were involved in this study.

Funding

This study was supported by research funding Susan G. Komen Italia onlus 2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Cristian Scatena, Rosa Scarpitta, Lorenzo Innocenti, Rachele Biancotti & Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato

  2. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Mario Miccoli

  3. Oncology Unit 2, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy

    Lucrezia Diodati

  4. Breast Surgery Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy

    Matteo Ghilli

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  1. Cristian Scatena
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Correspondence to Cristian Scatena.

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Scatena, C., Scarpitta, R., Innocenti, L. et al. Androgen receptor expression inversely correlates with histological grade and N stage in ER+/PgRlow male breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 182, 55–65 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05682-7

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