Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

To be young, Black, and living with breast cancer: a systematic review of health-related quality of life in young Black breast cancer survivors

  • Review
  • Published:
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Compared with young White women, young Black women are more likely to present with aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtypes that are potentially linked to worse health-related quality of life (HRQOL); however, there is limited consensus regarding HRQOL needs among young Black BC survivors. Employing Ferrell’s framework on QOL in BC (i.e., physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being), we conducted a systematic review on HRQOL among Black BC survivors aged <50 years and proposed recommendations for advancing HRQOL research and care for this population.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO to identify relevant articles published from 1995 to 2015. Abstracts and full-text articles were screened using predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria and evaluated for quality.

Results

A total of 2533 articles were identified, but six met eligibility criteria. Most studies examined multiple HRQOL domains, with the psychological domain most represented. Compared with their older, White, and BC-free counterparts, young Black BC survivors reported greater fear of dying, unmet supportive care needs, financial distress, and lower physical/functional well-being. However, spiritual well-being appeared favorable for young Black survivors. Research gaps include the absence of longitudinal studies and under-representation of studies examining physical, social, and particularly, spiritual HRQOL in young Black BC survivors.

Conclusions

Young Black BC survivors generally experience suboptimal HRQOL after BC diagnosis. As few studies have reported on HRQOL among this group, future research and oncology care should prioritize young Black women in ways that recognize their unique concerns, in order to ensure better HRQOL outcomes both during and after treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. WHO (2013) Breast cancer: prevention and control. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/cancer/detection/breastcancer/en/index1.html. Accessed 24 Sept 2013

  2. ACS (2015) Breast cancer facts and figures 2015–2016. Am Cancer Soc. Access 02(03/2016):2016

    Google Scholar 

  3. Harper S, Lynch J, Meersman SC, Breen N, Davis WW, Reichman MC (2009) Trends in area-socioeconomic and race-ethnic disparities in breast cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, screening, mortality, and survival among women ages 50 years and over (1987–2005). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18(1):121–131. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0679

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Reeder-Hayes KE, Wheeler SB, Mayer DK (2015) Health disparities across the breast cancer continuum. Semin Oncol Nurs 31(2):170–177. doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2015.02.005

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Chlebowski RT, Chen Z, Anderson GL, Rohan T, Aragaki A, Lane D, Dolan NC, Paskett ED, McTiernan A, Hubbell FA, Adams-Campbell LL, Prentice R (2005) Ethnicity and breast cancer: factors influencing differences in incidence and outcome. J Natl Cancer Inst 97(6):439–448. doi:10.1093/jnci/dji064

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Newman LA, Mason J, Cote D, Vin Y, Carolin K, Bouwman D, Colditz GA (2002) African–American ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and breast cancer survival: a meta-analysis of 14 studies involving over 10,000 African–American and 40,000 White American patients with carcinoma of the breast. Cancer 94(11):2844–2854. doi:10.1002/cncr.10575

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ghafoor A, Jemal A, Ward E, Cokkinides V, Smith R, Thun M (2003) Trends in breast cancer by race and ethnicity. CA Cancer J Clin 53(6):342–355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Vastag B (2003) Breast cancer racial gap examined: no easy answers to explain disparities in survival. J Am Med Assoc 290(14):1838–1842. doi:10.1001/jama.290.14.1838

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Li CI, Malone KE, Daling JR (2003) Differences in breast cancer stage, treatment, and survival by race and ethnicity. Arch Intern Med 163(1):49–56

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Smigal C, Jemal A, Ward E, Cokkinides V, Smith R, Howe HL, Thun M (2006) Trends in breast cancer by race and ethnicity: update 2006. CA 56(3):168–183

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Millikan RC, Newman B, Tse CK, Moorman PG, Conway K, Dressler LG, Smith LV, Labbok MH, Geradts J, Bensen JT, Jackson S, Nyante S, Livasy C, Carey L, Earp HS, Perou CM (2008) Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 109(1):123–139. doi:10.1007/s10549-007-9632-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Anderson WF, Jatoi I, Devesa SS (2005) Distinct breast cancer incidence and prognostic patterns in the NCI’s SEER program: suggesting a possible link between etiology and outcome. Breast Cancer Res Treat 90(2):127–137. doi:10.1007/s10549-004-3777-3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ahles TA, Saykin AJ, Furstenberg CT, Cole B, Mott LA, Titus-Ernstoff L, Skalla K, Bakitas M, Silberfarb PM (2005) Quality of life of long-term survivors of breast cancer and lymphoma treated with standard-dose chemotherapy or local therapy. J Clin Oncol 23(19):4399–4405. doi:10.1200/jco.2005.03.343

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Carver CS, Smith RG, Petronis VM, Antoni MH (2006) Quality of life among long-term survivors of breast cancer: different types of antecedents predict different classes of outcomes. Psycho-oncology 15(9):749–758. doi:10.1002/pon.1006

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ganz PA, Rowland JH, Meyerowitz BE, Desmond KA (1998) Impact of different adjuvant therapy strategies on quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Recent Results Cancer Res 152:396–411

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ganz PA, Desmond KA, Leedham B, Rowland JH, Meyerowitz BE, Belin TR (2002) Quality of life in long-term, disease-free survivors of breast cancer: a follow-up study. J Natl Cancer Inst 94(1):39–49

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Bauer KR, Brown M, Cress RD, Parise CA, Caggiano V (2007) Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (ER)−negative, progesterone receptor (PR)−negative, and HER2-negative invasive breast cancer, the so-called triple-negative phenotype: a population-based study from the California cancer registry. Cancer 109(9):1721–1728. doi:10.1002/cncr.22618

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Ferrell BR, Grant M, Funk B, Garcia N, Otis-Green S, Schaffner ML (1996) Quality of life in breast cancer. Cancer Pract 4(6):331–340

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Ferrell BR, Dow KH, Grant M (1995) Measurement of the quality of life in cancer survivors. Qual Life Res 4(6):523–531

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Smith AW, Alfano CM, Reeve BB, Irwin ML, Bernstein L, Baumgartner K, Bowen D, McTiernan A, Ballard-Barbash R (2009) Race/ethnicity, physical activity, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 18(2):656–663. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Mollica M, Nemeth L, Newman SD, Mueller M (2015) Quality of life in african american breast cancer survivors: an integrative literature review. Cancer Nurs 38(3):194–204. doi:10.1097/ncc.0000000000000160

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Pinheiro LC, Wheeler SB, Chen RC, Mayer DK, Lyons JC, Reeve BB (2015) The effects of cancer and racial disparities in health-related quality of life among older Americans: a case-control, population-based study. Cancer 121(8):1312–1320. doi:10.1002/cncr.29205

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Ashing-Giwa KT, Tejero JS, Kim J, Padilla GV, Hellemann G (2007) Examining predictive models of HRQOL in a population-based, multiethnic sample of women with breast carcinoma. Qual Life Res 16(3):413–428. doi:10.1007/s11136-006-9138-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ashing-Giwa K (2000) Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes in long-term survivors of breast cancer. J Psychosoc Oncol 17(3–4):47–62. doi:10.1300/J077v17n03_03

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ashing-Giwa K, Ganz PA, Petersen L (1999) Quality of life of African-American and White long term breast carcinoma survivors. Cancer 85(2):418–426

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Von Ah DM, Russell KM, Carpenter J, Monahan PO, Qianqian Z, Tallman E, Ziner KW, Storniolo AM, Miller KD, Giesler RB, Haase J, Otte J, Champion VL (2012) Health-related quality of life of african american breast cancer survivors compared with healthy African American women. Cancer Nurs 35(5):337–346. doi:10.1097/NCC.0b013e3182393de3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hamilton JB, Powe BD, Pollard AB 3rd, Lee KJ, Felton AM (2007) Spirituality among African American cancer survivors: having a personal relationship with God. Cancer Nurs 30(4):309–316. doi:10.1097/01.NCC.0000281730.17985.f5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Howard-Anderson J, Ganz PA, Bower JE, Stanton AL (2012) Quality of life, fertility concerns, and behavioral health outcomes in younger breast cancer survivors: a systematic review. J Natl Cancer Inst 104(5):386–405. doi:10.1093/jnci/djr541

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Arndt V, Merx H, Sturmer T, Stegmaier C, Ziegler H, Brenner H (2004) Age-specific detriments to quality of life among breast cancer patients one year after diagnosis. Eur J Cancer 40(5):673–680. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2003.12.007

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Ganz PA, Greendale GA, Petersen L, Kahn B, Bower JE (2003) Breast cancer in younger women: reproductive and late health effects of treatment. J clin Oncol 21(22):4184–4193. doi:10.1200/jco.2003.04.196

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Mor V, Malin M, Allen S (1994) Age differences in the psychosocial problems encountered by breast cancer patients. J Natil Cancer Inst Monogr 16:191–197

    Google Scholar 

  32. Bines J, Oleske DM, Cobleigh MA (1996) Ovarian function in premenopausal women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 14(5):1718–1729

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI, Trudeau M, Hood N (1999) Risk of menopause during the first year after breast cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 17(8):2365–2370

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Woods-Giscombé CL, Lobel M (2008) Race and gender matter: a multidimensional approach to conceptualizing and measuring stress in African American women. Cult Divers Ethn Minor Psychol 14(3):173–182. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.3.173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Woods-Giscombe CL (2010) Superwoman schema: African American women’s views on stress, strength, and health. Qual Health Res 20(5):668–683. doi:10.1177/1049732310361892

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Woods-Giscombe CL, Lobel M, Zimmer C, Wiley Cene C, Corbie-Smith G (2015) Whose stress is making me sick? Network-stress and emotional distress in African-American women. Issues Ment Health Nurs 36(9):710–717. doi:10.3109/01612840.2015.1011759

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Black AR, Woods-Giscombé C (2012) Applying the stress and ‘strength’ hypothesis to black women’s breast cancer screening delays. Stress Health 28(5):389–396. doi:10.1002/smi.2464

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Powe BD, Hamilton J, Hancock N, Johnson N, Finnie R, Ko J, Brooks P, Boggan M Jr (2007) Quality of life of African American cancer survivors—a review of the literature. Cancer 109(2 Suppl):435–445. doi:10.1002/cncr.22358

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Chopra I, Kamal KM (2012) A systematic review of quality of life instruments in long-term breast cancer survivors. Health Qual life Outcomes 10:14. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-10-14

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Mols F, Vingerhoets AJ, Coebergh JW, van de Poll-Franse LV (2005) Quality of life among long-term breast cancer survivors: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer 41(17):2613–2619. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2005.05.017

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Cho J, Jung SY, Lee JE, Shim EJ, Kim NH, Kim Z, Sohn G, Youn HJ, Kim KS, Kim H, Lee JW, Lee MH (2014) A review of breast cancer survivorship issues from survivors’ perspectives. J Breast Cancer 17(3):189–199. doi:10.4048/jbc.2014.17.3.189

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  42. Palmer JR, Rosenberg L, Wise LA, Horton NJ, Adams-Campbell LL (2003) Onset of natural menopause in African American women. Am J Public Health 93(2):299–306

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. McCarthy AM, Yang J, Armstrong K (2015) Increasing disparities in breast cancer mortality from 1979 to 2010 for US black women aged 20 to 49 years. Am J Public Health 105(Suppl 3):S446–S448. doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302297

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Miller D, Bishop K, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (2016) SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2013. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda

    Google Scholar 

  45. ACS (2014) Life after cancer: survivorship by the numbers. American Cancer Society

  46. Elm V (2008) The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE)statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 61(4):344–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. CASP (2014) Critical appraisal skills programme (CASP). CASP Checklists

  48. Derogatis LR (1986) The psychosocial adjustment to illness scale (PAIS). J Psychosom Res 30(1):77–91

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Cohen SH, Hoberman HM (1983) Positive events and social supports as buffers of life change stress. J Appl Soc Psychol 13:99–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Brady MJ, Cella DF, Mo F, Bonomi AE, Tulsky DS, Lloyd SR, Deasy S, Cobleigh M, Shiomoto G (1997) Reliability and validity of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast quality-of-life instrument. J Clin Oncol 15(3):974–986

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Avis NE, Smith KW, McGraw S, Smith RG, Petronis VM, Carver CS (2005) Assessing quality of life in adult cancer survivors (QLACS). Qual Life Res 14(4):1007–1023

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Furlanetto LM, Mendlowicz MV, Romildo Bueno J (2005) The validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form as a screening and diagnostic instrument for moderate and severe depression in medical inpatients. J Affect Disord 86(1):87–91. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2004.12.011

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Schuldberg D (1992) Ego-strength revised: a comparison of the MMPI-2 and MMPI-1 versions of the barron ego-strength scale. J Clin Psychol 48(4):500–505

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Beder J (1995) Perceived social support and adjustment to mastectomy in socioeconomically disadvantaged black women. Soc Work Health Care 22(2):55–71

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Gibson LM, Thomas S, Parker V, Mayo R, Wetsel MA (2014) Breast cancer fear in African American breast cancer survivors. J Cult Divers 21(4):135–144

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Lewis PE, Sheng M, Rhodes MM, Jackson KE, Schover LR (2012) Psychosocial concerns of young African American breast cancer survivors. J Psychosoc Oncol 30(2):168–184. doi:10.1080/07347332.2011.651259

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Janz NK, Mujahid MS, Hawley ST, Griggs JJ, Alderman A, Hamilton AS, Graff J, Katz SJ (2009) Racial/ethnic differences in quality of life after diagnosis of breast cancer. J Cancer Surviv 3(4):212–222. doi:10.1007/s11764-009-0097-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Sheppard VB, Llanos AA, Hurtado-de-Mendoza A, Taylor TR, Adams-Campbell LL (2013) Correlates of depressive symptomatology in African-American breast cancer patients. J Cancer Surviv 7(3):292–299. doi:10.1007/s11764-013-0273-y

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Morrow PK, Broxson AC, Munsell MF, Basen-Enquist K, Rosenblum CK, Schover LR, Nguyen LH, Hsu L, Castillo L, Hahn KM, Litton JK, Kwiatkowski DN, Hortobagyi GN (2014) Effect of age and race on quality of life in young breast cancer survivors. Clin Breast Cancer 14(2):e21–e31. doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2013.10.003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Geronimus AT, Hicken M, Keene D, Bound J (2006) “Weathering” and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States. Am J Public Health 96(5):826–833. doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.060749

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Ware JE Jr (1984) Methodology in behavioral and psychosocial cancer research. conceptualizing disease impact and treatment outcomes. Cancer 53(10 Suppl):2316–2326

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Wilson IB, Cleary PD (1995) Linking clinical variables with health-related quality of life. A conceptual model of patient outcomes. JAMA 273(1):59–65

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Bourjolly JN (1998) Differences in religiousness among black and white women with breast cancer. Soc Work Health Care 28(1):21–39. doi:10.1300/J010v28n01_02

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Gibson LM, Hendricks CS (2006) Integrative review of spirituality in African American breast cancer survivors. ABNF J 17(2):67–72

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Holt CL, Schulz E, Caplan L, Blake V, Southward VL, Buckner AV (2012) Assessing the role of spirituality in coping among African Americans diagnosed with cancer. J Relig Health 51(2):507–521. doi:10.1007/s10943-011-9453-0

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  66. Torres E, Dixon C, Richman AR (2016) Understanding the breast cancer experience of survivors: a qualitative study of African American women in rural eastern North Carolina. J Cancer Educ 31(1):198–206. doi:10.1007/s13187-015-0833-0

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. MCC (2013) Psychological distress screening in cancer patients. Michigan Cancer Consortium, Lansing

    Google Scholar 

  68. CoC (2012) Cancer program standards 2012: ensuring patient-centered care. American College of Surgeons, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  69. NCCN (2016) NCCN Distress thermometer and problem list for patients, 1st edn. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  70. Dabrowski M, Boucher K, Ward JH, Lovell MM, Sandre A, Bloch J, Carlquist L, Porter M, Norman L, Buys SS (2007) Clinical experience with the NCCN distress thermometer in breast cancer patients. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw 5(1):104–111

    Google Scholar 

  71. Whitehead NE, Hearn LE (2015) Psychosocial interventions addressing the needs of Black women diagnosed with breast cancer: a review of the current landscape. Psycho-Oncology 24(5):497–507. doi:10.1002/pon.3620

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Woods-Giscombé CL, Black AR (2010) Mind-Body interventions to reduce risk for health disparities related to stress and strength among African American women: the potential of mindfulness-based stress reduction, loving-kindness, and the NTU therapeutic framework. Complement Health Pract Rev 15(3):115–131. doi:10.1177/1533210110386776

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  73. Duckett PAS (2013) Health coverage for the black population today and under the affordable care Ac. The Henry J Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park

    Google Scholar 

  74. Murthy VH, Krumholz HM, Gross CP (2004) Participation in cancer clinical trials: race-, sex-, and age-based disparities. JAMA 291(22):2720–2726. doi:10.1001/jama.291.22.2720

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Keating NL, Kouri E, He Y, Weeks JC, Winer EP (2009) Racial differences in definitive breast cancer therapy in older women: are they explained by the hospitals where patients undergo surgery? Med Care 47(7):765–773. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e31819e1fe7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

CAS and SBW have received a Research Grant from Pfizer for another unrelated study. This article is dedicated in memory of Meleshia Daye, whose courage and strength as a Young Black Woman with Breast Cancer inspired this contribution to research and clinical practice.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1105F McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7411, USA

    Cleo A. Samuel, Laura C. Pinheiro, Shekinah A. Fashaw & Stephanie B. Wheeler

  2. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7295, USA

    Cleo A. Samuel, Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes & Stephanie B. Wheeler

  3. Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 323 MacNider Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7240, USA

    Cleo A. Samuel & Giselle Corbie-Smith

  4. Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7590, USA

    Cleo A. Samuel, Giselle Corbie-Smith & Stephanie B. Wheeler

  5. North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences (NC TraCS) Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Brinkhous-Bullitt Building, Second Floor, 160 N. Medical Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7064, USA

    Cleo A. Samuel & Giselle Corbie-Smith

  6. UNC Breast Center, NC Cancer Hospital, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes

  7. UNC School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Physicians Office Building, Third Floor, 170 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7305, USA

    Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes

  8. University of North Carolina Health Sciences Library, 335 S. Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7585, USA

    Jennifer S. Walker

  9. Department of Social Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 S. Columbia Street, MacNider Hall, Room #348, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7240, USA

    Giselle Corbie-Smith

  10. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7105, USA

    Giselle Corbie-Smith

  11. School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4015 Carrington Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, CB#7460, USA

    Cheryl Woods-Giscombe

Authors
  1. Cleo A. Samuel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laura C. Pinheiro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jennifer S. Walker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Giselle Corbie-Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Shekinah A. Fashaw
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Cheryl Woods-Giscombe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Stephanie B. Wheeler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cleo A. Samuel.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 13 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Samuel, C.A., Pinheiro, L.C., Reeder-Hayes, K.E. et al. To be young, Black, and living with breast cancer: a systematic review of health-related quality of life in young Black breast cancer survivors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 160, 1–15 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3963-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3963-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation