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Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity across the life course and risk of pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment volume 139, pages 851–861 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) reduces breast cancer risk, although the effects of MVPA in different settings across the life course and how they may differ by menopausal status are unclear. This gap was addressed using data from a case–control study of 1,110 incident breast cancer cases and 1,172 cancer-free controls, frequency matched by age, from Vancouver and Kingston, Canada. In Vancouver, cases were recruited from the British Columbia Cancer Registry and controls from the Screening Mammography Program of British Columbia and in Kingston cases and controls were recruited from a breast assessment center. Lifetime leisure-time, household, and occupational MVPA energy expenditures were assessed in an open-ended questionnaire and mean weekly metabolic equivalent hours (MET-h/week) were calculated for the age periods 12–17, 18–34, 35–49, and ≥50 years and for the total lifetime. Odds ratios were estimated separately for pre- and for post-menopausal women using unconditional logistic regression. Among post-menopausal women, each of >22.9 MET-h/week of mean lifetime leisure-time MVPA (equivalent to running for 3 h) and >61.1 MET-h/week of mean lifetime household MVPA (equivalent to 24 h of moderate household work) reduced breast cancer risk by 40 %, compared to 0 MET-h/week of each. The respective ORs were 0.63 (95 % CI 0.42–0.94) and 0.58 (95 % CI 0.43–0.79). Among post-menopausal women, leisure-time MVPA after age 35 was more strongly associated with reduced breast cancer risk than MVPA in early life, while household MVPA was associated with reduced risk at all adulthood age periods. The weekly volume of leisure-time MVPA required to reduce post-menopausal breast cancer risk was consistent with amount recommended in the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines for cancer prevention.

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Abbreviations

MVPA:

Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity

MEBC:

Molecular epidemiology of breast cancer

BC:

British Columbia

ON:

Ontario

MET:

Metabolic equivalent

OR:

Odds ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canadian Breast Cancer Research Alliance. The authors thank Dr. Chris Bajdik for contributions to study design, Dr. Christine Friedenreich for permission to adapt the physical activity questionnaire, and Dr. Anne Grundy, Derrick Lee, and Dr. Matt Parkinson for assistance with data management. Lindsay Kobayashi was supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship from the Ontario Ministry of Training, Colleges, and Universities, and a studentship from the Queen’s University Terry Fox Foundation Training Program in Transdisciplinary Cancer Research in Partnership with CIHR.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

    Lindsay C. Kobayashi, Ian Janssen, Harriet Richardson & Kristan J. Aronson

  2. Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen’s Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON, Canada

    Lindsay C. Kobayashi, Harriet Richardson & Kristan J. Aronson

  3. School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

    Ian Janssen

  4. Department of Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Agnes S. Lai & John J. Spinelli

  5. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK

    Lindsay C. Kobayashi

Authors
  1. Lindsay C. Kobayashi
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Correspondence to Kristan J. Aronson.

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Kobayashi, L.C., Janssen, I., Richardson, H. et al. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity across the life course and risk of pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 139, 851–861 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2596-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2596-9

Keywords

  • Physical activity
  • Breast cancer
  • Menopausal status
  • Case–control
  • Women