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Dynamic Properties of Human Default Mode Network in Eyes-Closed and Eyes-Open

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Abstract

The default mode network (DMN) reflects spontaneous activity in the resting human brain. Previous studies examined the difference in static functional connectivity (sFC) of the DMN between eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. However, it remains unclear about the difference in dynamic FC (dFC) of the DMN between EC and EO. To this end, we acquired rs-fMRI data from 19 subjects in two different statues (EC and EO) and selected a seed region-of-interest (ROI) at the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to generate the sFC map. We identified the DMN consisting of ten clusters that were significantly correlated with the PCC. By using a sliding-window approach, we analyzed the dFC of the DMN. Then, the Newman’s modularity algorithm was applied to identify dFC states based on nodal total connectivity strength in each sliding-window. In addition, graph-theory based network analysis was applied to detect dynamic topological properties of the DMN. We identified three group-level dFC states (State1, 2 and 3) that reflects the strength of dFC within the DMN between EC and EO in different time. The following results were reached: (1) no significant difference in sFC between EC and EO, (2) dFC was lower in State2 but higher in State3 in EC than in EO, (3) lower clustering coefficient, local efficiency, and global efficiency, but higher characteristic path length in State2 in EC than in EO, and (4) lower nodal strength in the precuneus (PCUN), PCC, angular gyrus (ANG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) in State3 in EC. These results suggested different resting statuses, EC and EO, may induce different time-varying neural activity in the DMN.

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Abbreviations

ANG:

Angular gyrus

DMN:

Default mode network

dFC:

Dynamic functional connectivity

EC:

Eyes-closed

EO:

Eyes-open

FWE:

Family-wise error

FWHM:

Full-width at half maximum

LPC:

Lateral parietal cortex

MPFC:

Medial prefrontal cortex

MTG:

Middle temporal gyrus

OFG:

Occipital fusiform gyrus

PCC:

Posterior cingulate cortex

PCUN:

Precuneus

PHG:

Parahippocampal gyrus

rs-fMRI:

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

sFC:

Static functional connectivity

SCA:

Seed-based connectivity analysis

VF:

Visual fixation

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Funding

This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers: 81871338, 81371535, and 81271548).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510631, China

    Xiaojin Liu, Xiaoyan Wu, Miao Zhong, Huiyuan Huang, Yihe Weng, Meiqi Niu, Ling Zhao & Ruiwang Huang

  2. School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China

    Xiaojin Liu, Xiaoyan Wu, Miao Zhong, Huiyuan Huang, Yihe Weng, Meiqi Niu, Ling Zhao & Ruiwang Huang

  3. Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China

    Xiaojin Liu, Xiaoyan Wu, Miao Zhong, Huiyuan Huang, Yihe Weng, Meiqi Niu, Ling Zhao & Ruiwang Huang

  4. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China

    Xiaojin Liu, Xiaoyan Wu, Miao Zhong, Huiyuan Huang, Yihe Weng, Meiqi Niu, Ling Zhao & Ruiwang Huang

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  1. Xiaojin Liu
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Liu, X., Wu, X., Zhong, M. et al. Dynamic Properties of Human Default Mode Network in Eyes-Closed and Eyes-Open. Brain Topogr 33, 720–732 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-020-00792-3

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