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Boundary-Layer Flow Over Complex Topography

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Abstract

We review developments in the field of boundary-layer flow over complex topography, focussing on the period from 1970 to the present day. The review follows two parallel strands: the impact of hills on flow in the atmospheric boundary layer and gravity-driven flows on hill slopes initiated by heating or cooling of the surface. For each strand we consider the understanding that has resulted from analytic theory before moving to more realistic numerical computation, initially using turbulence closure models and, more recently, eddy-resolving schemes. Next we review the field experiments and the physical models that have contributed to present understanding in both strands. For the period 1970–2000 with hindsight we can link major advances in theory and modelling to the key papers that announced them, but for the last two decades we have cast the net wider to ensure that we have not missed steps that eventually will be seen as critical. Two important new themes are given prominence in the 2000–2020 period. The first is flow over hills covered with tall plant canopies. The presence of a canopy changes the flow in important ways both when the flow is nearly neutral and also when it is stably stratified, forming a link between our two main strands. The second is the use of eddy-resolving models as vehicles to bring together hill flows and gravity-driven flows in a unified description of complex terrain meteorology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

    John Finnigan

  2. Windlab Systems Pty. Ltd., Canberra, Australia

    Keith Ayotte

  3. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra, Australia

    Ian Harman

  4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0328, USA

    Gabriel Katul

  5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Holly Oldroyd

  6. National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO, 80307-3000, USA

    Edward Patton

  7. Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy

    Davide Poggi

  8. Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Andrew Ross

  9. Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada

    Peter Taylor

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  1. John Finnigan
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  3. Ian Harman
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  4. Gabriel Katul
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  9. Peter Taylor
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Finnigan, J., Ayotte, K., Harman, I. et al. Boundary-Layer Flow Over Complex Topography. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 177, 247–313 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-020-00564-3

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