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Improvement of the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino Planetary Boundary-Layer Scheme Based on Observational Data in China

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Abstract

The Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) planetary boundary-layer (PBL) scheme is a second-order turbulence closure model that is an improved version of the Mellor–Yamada scheme based on large-eddy simulation data. It simulates PBL structure and evolution well, particularly over the ocean surface. However, when used with various underlying surfaces in China, the scheme overestimates the turbulent momentum flux and the sensible heat flux. Based on observations of surface fluxes in China, we attempt to improve the MYNN model by modifying the parameters and representation of the turbulence scale. Closure constants and empirical expressions in the diagnostic equation are chosen first, and an additional component of the turbulent heat flux is considered in the potential temperature prognostic equation to improve the surface heat-flux modelling. The modified MYNN scheme is incorporated into a three-dimensional mesoscale model and is evaluated using various underlying surface observations. Amelioration of the surface turbulent fluxes is confirmed at five observational sites in China over different land-use types.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Xiangde Xu, Dr. Xudong Liang, and Dr. Qing He for kindly providing the observational data. The valuable comments and suggestions given by four anonymous reviewers are also appreciated. This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB417204), Natural Science Foundation of China (41575103, 41175095), and Project of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (2015Z002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China

    Yi Huang & Xindong Peng

  2. College of the Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China

    Xindong Peng

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  1. Yi Huang
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  2. Xindong Peng
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Correspondence to Xindong Peng.

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Huang, Y., Peng, X. Improvement of the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino Planetary Boundary-Layer Scheme Based on Observational Data in China. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 162, 171–188 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0187-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0187-0

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