Abstract
To our best knowledge, there are no non-invasive and painless means for the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal bleeding as of now, especially the segment of intestine that cannot be reached by endoscopy. We proposed an intelligent intestinal bleeding diagnosis and treatment capsule (IBDTC) system for the first time to diagnose and treat intestinal bleeding with low power consumption, estimated to be about 2.16mW. A hue-saturation-light (HSL) color space method was applied to diagnose bleeding according to H (hue) values of the film dyed by blood. A MEMS-based micro-igniter works as the critical component of the micro-thruster that houses the propellant (74.6% potassium nitrate, 11.9% sulfur, 13.5% charcoal) and the detonating agent (dinitrodiazophenol), to help release drug. Bleeding detection and ignition tests were performed to justify its feasibility and reliability. Results demonstrated that the bleeding diagnosis module of the IBDTC can effectively detect bleeding and the micro-igniter can successfully ignite the propellant. Owing to its simplicity and intelligence, the IBDTC system will pave a way for future accurate treatment of small intestinal bleeding with no injury, no pain, no complicated supporting equipment, no need for in vitro operation and positioning.
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Abbreviations
- IBDTC:
-
Intestinal bleeding diagnosis and treatment capsule
- HSL:
-
Hue-saturation-light
- MEMS:
-
Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
- LED:
-
Light emitting diode
- RGB:
-
Red-Green–Blue
- QFN:
-
Quad Flat No-lead
- SMD:
-
Surface Mounted Devices
- LPCVD:
-
Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition
- PCB:
-
Printed Circuit Board
- PBS:
-
Phosphate buffered solution
- DC:
-
Direct current
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Chongqing University Cancer Hospital for providing experimental materials.
Funding
This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 81671850).
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Panpan Qiao: Methodology, Investigation, Writing–Original Draft, Visualization; Luo Yu: Formal analysis, Validation; Hongying Liu: Resources, Data Curation, Writing–Review & Editing, Funding acquisition; Xueping Yan: Software; Xitian Pi: Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration.
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Qiao, P., Yu, L., Liu, H. et al. An intelligent intestinal bleeding diagnosis and treatment capsule system based on color recognition. Biomed Microdevices 25, 6 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-022-00642-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-022-00642-y