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Role of peroxisomes in the oxidative injury induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in leaves of pea plants

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

The role of peroxisomes in the oxidative injury induced by the auxin herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in leaves of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants was studied. Applications of (2,4-D) on leaves or to root substrate increased the superoxide radical production in leaf peroxisomes. Foliar application also increased H2O2 contents in leaf peroxisomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction was accompanied by oxidative stress, as shown by the changes in lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, total and protein thiols, and by the up-regulation of the activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. Foliar or root 2,4-D applications also induced senescence symptoms in pea leaf peroxisomes, as shown by the decrease of protein content and glycolate oxidase and hydroxypyruvate reductase activities, and by the increase of endopeptidase, xanthine oxidase, isocitrate lyase and acyl-CoA oxidase activities as well as of 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase and thiol-protease protein contents. 2,4-D did not induce proliferation of pea leaf peroxisomes but induced senescence-like morphological changes in these organelles. Results suggest that peroxisomes might contribute to 2,4-D toxicity in pea leaves by overproducing cell-damaging ROS and by participating actively in 2,4-D-induced leaf senescence.

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Abbreviations

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

catalase

C=O:

protein carbonyls

DAB:

3,3′-diaminobenzidine

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

EP:

endoproteolytic activity

F4d:

4-d foliar treatment

GOX:

glycolate oxidase

G6PDH:

glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase

GR:

glutathione reductase

HPR:

hydroxypyruvate reductase

ICDH:

NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase

ICL:

isocitrate lyase

JA:

jasmonic acid

KAT:

3 keto-acylCoA thiolase

Leu-AP:

leucine aminopeptidase

LP:

lipid peroxidation

O2 ·− :

superoxide radical

R4d:

4-d root treatment

R7d:

7-d root treatment

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TP:

thiol-protease

XOD:

xanthine oxidase

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by ERDF-cofinanced grants AGL2002-00988 and BIO-192 from the Ministry of Education and Science and Junta de Andalucía, respectively. I. McCarthy-Suárez wishes to acknowledge the Fundación Ramón Areces for a PhD fellowship. The valuable comments of Dr. J. Carbonell and Dr. M.A. Blázquez, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-UPV, Valencia, Spain, are also appreciated.

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  1. I. McCarthy-Suárez

    Present address: Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, E-46022, Valencia, Spain

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Apartado 419, E-18080, Granada, Spain

    I. McCarthy-Suárez, M. Gómez, L. A. Del Río & J. M. Palma

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  1. I. McCarthy-Suárez
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  2. M. Gómez
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  3. L. A. Del Río
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McCarthy-Suárez, I., Gómez, M., Del Río, L.A. et al. Role of peroxisomes in the oxidative injury induced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in leaves of pea plants. Biol Plant 55, 485–492 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-011-0114-7

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