Abstract
A high frequency shoot regeneration system for ornamental kale [Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (D.C.) Alef.] was firstly established from seedling cotyledon and hypocotyl explants. The ability of cotyledon and hypocotyl to produce adventitious shoots varied depending upon genotype, seedling age and culture medium. The maximum shoot regeneration frequency was obtained when the explants from cv. Nagoya 4-d-old seedlings were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 mg dm−3 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.1 mg dm−3 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The frequency of shoot regeneration was 65.0 % for cotyledons, 76.1 % for hypocotyls; and the number of shoots per explant was 4.3 for cotyledons, 8.2 for hypocotyls. Hypocotyl explants were found to be more responsive for regeneration when compared with cotyledons. Among the 4 cultivars tested, Nagoya showed the best shoot regeneration response. The addition of 3.0 mg dm−3 AgNO3 was beneficial to shoot regeneration. Roots were formed on the base of the shoots when cultured on half-strength MS medium.
Abbreviations
- BA:
-
6-benzylaminopurine
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog medium
- NAA:
-
naphthaleneacetic acid
- PGR:
-
plant growth regulator
References
Bhalla, P.L., Smith, N.: Comparison of shoot regeneration potential from seedling explants of Australian cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) varieties. — Aust. J. agr. Res. 49: 1261–1266, 1998.
Dai, X.G., Shi, X.P., Fu, Q., Bao, M.Z.: Improvement of isolated microspore culture of ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala): effects of sucrose concentration, medium replacement and cold pre-treatment. — J. hort. Sci. Biotechnol. 2009 [in press].
Hou, S.W., Jia, J.F.: In vitro regeneration of Perilla frutescens from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants. — Biol. Plant. 49: 129–132, 2005.
Hansen, G., Wright, M.S.: Recent advances in the transformation of plants. — Trends Plant Sci. 4: 226–231, 1999.
Jonoubi, P., Mousavi, A., Majd, A., Salmanian, A.H., Jalalijavaran, M., Danedhian, J.: Efficient regeneration of Brassica napus L. hypocotyls and genetic transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. — Biol. Plant. 49: 175–180, 2005.
Kamal, G.B., Illich, K.G., Asadollah, A.: Effects of genotype, explant type and nutrient medium components on canola (Brassica napus L.) shoot in vitro organogenesis. — Afr. J. Biotechnol. 6: 861–867, 2007.
Karami, O., Esna-Ashari, M., Karami Kurdistani, G.: Agrobecterium-mediated genetic transformation: the role of host. — Biol. Plant. 53: 201–213, 2009.
Khan, M.R., Rashid, H., Ansar, M., Chaudry, Z.: High frequency shoot regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer in canola (Brassica napus). — Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 75: 223–231, 2003.
Khehra, G.S., Mathias, R.J.: The interaction of genotype, explant and media on the regeneration of shoots from complex explants of Brassica napus. — J. exp. Bot. 43: 1413–1418, 1992.
Murashige, T., Skoog, F.: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. — Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497, 1962.
Ono, Y., Takahata, Y., Kaizuma, N.: Effect of genotype on shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). — Plant Cell Rep. 14: 13–17, 1994.
Pua, E.C., Chi, G.L.: De novo shoot morphogenesis and plant growth of mustard (Brassica juncea) in vitro relation to ethylene. — Physiol. Plant. 88: 467–474, 1993.
Pua, E. C., Deng, X., Koha, T.C.: Genotypic variability of de novo shoot morphogenesis of Brassica oleracea in vitro in response to ethylene inhibitors and putrescine. — J. Plant Physiol. 155: 598–605, 1999.
Qin, Y., Li, H.L., Guo, Y.D.: High-frequency embryogenesis, regeneration of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and analysis of genetic stability by RAPD. — Sci. Hort. 111: 203–208, 2007.
Reda, E.A., Moghaieb, M.A., Awady, R.G., Mergawy, S.S.Y., Sharkawy, A.M.: A reproducible protocol for regeneration and transformation in canola (Brassica napus L.). — Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5: 143–148, 2006.
Tang, G.X., Zhou, W.J., Li, H.Z., Mao, B.Z., He, Z.H., Yoneyama, K.: Medium, explant and genotype factors influencing shoot regeneration in oilseed Brassica spp. — J. Agron. Crop Sci. 189: 351–358, 2003.
Yang, M.Z., Jia, S.R., Pua, E.C.: High frequency of plant regeneration from hypocotyl explants of Brassica carinata A.Br. — Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 24: 79–82, 1991.
Zhang, F.L., Takahata, Y., Xu, J.B.: Medium and genotype factors influencing shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis). — Plant Cell Rep. 17: 780–786, 1998.
Zhang, T., Wang, X.Y., Cao, Z.Y.: Plant regeneration in vitro directly from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of Perilla frutescens and their morphological aspects. — Biol. Plant. 49: 423–426, 2005.
Zhang, Y., Bhalla, P.L.: In vitro shoot regeneration from commercial cultivars of Australian canola (Brassica napus L.). — Aust. J. Agr. Res. 55: 753–756, 2004.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Acknowledgements: This research was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (2003-Z036). We thank all the colleagues from our laboratory, both present and past, for constructive discussions.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dai, X.G., Shi, X.P., Ye, Y.M. et al. High frequency plant regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of ornamental kale. Biol Plant 53, 769–773 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-009-0141-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-009-0141-9