Abstract
A high efficient four step protocol (callus initiation, regeneration, shoot elongation and rooting) for in vitro propagation of Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast was developed. Callusing was achieved from nodal stem segment explants treated with various concentrations of ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS) on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 1.5 g m−3). A significant increase in callus induction percentage and biomass production was noticed from lower EMS treated lines (ET1 and ET2) comparatively to control and other (ET3, ET4 and ET5) lines. Calli of ET1 line showed high regeneration potential on MS medium with N 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 1.75 g m−3). Length of microshoots, which was reduced by EMS, restored by addition of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.4 g m−3). A marked increase in rooting with increasing EMS concentration was noticed on MS medium fortified with 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA; 1.5 g m−3).
Abbreviations
- BAP:
-
N 6-benzylaminopurine
- 2,4-D:
-
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- GA3 :
-
gibberellic acid
- IBA:
-
indole-3-butyric acid
- EMS:
-
ethylmethane sulphonate
- MS medium:
-
Murashige and Skoog medium
- ANOVA :
-
analysis of variance
- DMRT:
-
Duncan’s multiple range test
References
Al-Bashir, M.: The effect of low doses of gamma radiation on root formation of olive cuttings.-Agrobiol. Res. 48: 179–183, 1995.
Arora, R., Bhojwani, S.S.: In vitro propagation and low temperature storage of Saussurea lappa C.B. Clarke-an endangered medicinal plant.-Plant Cell Rep. 8: 44–47, 1989.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., Teare, J.D.: Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies.-Plant Soil 39: 205–207, 1973.
Charbaji, T., Nabulsi, I.: Effect of low doses of gamma irradiation on in vitro growth of grape vine.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 57: 129–132, 1999.
Dey, P.M.: Methods in Plant Biochemistry. Vol. II. Carbohydrates.-Academic Press, London 1990.
Ibrahim, R., Mondelaers, W., Debergh, P.C.: Effects of X irradiation on adventitious bud regeneration from in vitro leaf explants of Rosa hybrida.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 54: 37–44, 1998.
Joseph, R., Yeoh, H.H., Loh, C.H.: Induced mutations in cassava using somatic embryos and the identification of mutant plants with altered starch yield and composition.-Plant Cell Rep. 23: 91–98, 2004.
Junaid, A., Mujib, A., Sharma, M.P.: Cell and tissue culture of Dracaena sanderiana Sander ex Mast.-Hamdard med. (in press), 2008.
Kavikishore, P.B., Hong, Z., Milo, G.H., Hu, C.A.A., Verma, D.P.S.: Overexpression of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase increases proline production and confers osmotolerance in transgenic plants.-Plant Physiol. 108: 1387–1394, 1995.
Maluszynski, M., Ahloowalia, B.S., Sigurbjornsson, B.: Application of in vivo and in vitro mutation techniques for crop improvement.-Euphytica 85: 303–315, 1995.
Moustafa, R.A.K., Duncan, D.R., Widholm, J.M.: The effect of gamma radiation and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea on cultured maize callus growth and plant regeneration.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 17: 121–132, 1989.
Murashige, T. Skoog, F.: A revised medium for medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures.-Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497, 1962.
Muthusamy, A., Vasanth, K., Sivasankari, D., Chandrasekar, B.R., Jayabalan, N.: Effects of mutagens on somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in groundnut.-Biol. Plant. 51: 430–435, 2007.
Nanjo, T., Kobayashi, M., Yoshiba, Y., Sanada, Y., Wada, K., Tsukaya, H., Kakubari, Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Shinozaki, K.: Biological functions of proline in morphogenesis and osmotolerance revealed in antisense transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.-Plant J. 18: 185–192, 1999.
Pattnaik, S.K., Chand, P.K.: In vitro propagation of the medicinal herbs Ocimum americanum L. syn. O. canum Sims (hoary basil) and Ocimum sanctum L. (holy basil).-Plant Cell Rep. 15: 846–850, 1996.
Predieri, S.: Mutation induction and tissue culture in improving fruits.-Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 64: 185–210, 2001.
Sahoo, Y., Pattnaik, S.K., Chand, P.K.: In vitro clonal propagation of a medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) by axillary shoot proliferation.-In Vitro cell. dev. Biol. Plant 33: 293–296, 1997.
Svetleva, D.L., Crino, P.: Effect of ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS) and N-nitrose-N-ethyl urea (ENU) on callus growth of common bean.-Centr. eur. Agr. 6: 59–64, 2005.
Vu, D.Q., Guy, D.T., Phai, P.: Mutagenesis and screening method for salt tolerance in rice by anther culture.-Genome 30: 459, 1988.
Wang, Z., Fu, J., He, M., Tian, Q., Cao, H.: Effects of source/sink manipulation on net photosynthetic rate and photosynthate partitioning during grain filling in winter wheat.-Biol. Plant. 39: 379–385, 1997.
Wintermans, J.F.G.M., De Mots, A.: Spectrophotometric characteristics of chlorophyll a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol.-Biochem. biophys. Acta 109: 448–453, 1965.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Junaid, A., Mujib, A. & Sharma, M.P. Effect of growth regulators and ethylmethane sulphonate on growth, and chlorophyll, sugar and proline contents in Dracaena sanderiana cultured in vitro . Biol Plant 52, 569–572 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-008-0113-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-008-0113-5