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The relative uptake of Ca and Sr into tree foliage using a whole-watershed calcium addition

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Abstract

The use of strontium isotopes and ratios of alkaline earth elements (i.e., 87Sr/86Sr and Ca/Sr) to trace Ca sources to plants has become common in ecosystem studies. Here we examine the relative uptake of Ca and Sr in trees and subsequent accumulation in foliage. Using a whole-watershed Ca addition experiment at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in N.H., we measured the uptake of Ca relative to Sr in foliage and roots of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and red spruce (Picea rubens). Vegetation was analyzed for Ca and Sr concentrations and the 87Sr/86Sr ratio. A comparison of the Ca/Sr ratio in the vegetation and the Ca/Sr ratio of the applied mineral allows for the calculation of a discrimination factor, which defines whether Ca and Sr are incorporated and allocated in the same ratio as that which is available. A discrimination factor greater than unity indicates preferential uptake of Ca over Sr; a factor less than unity reflects preferential uptake of Sr over Ca. We demonstrate that sugar maple (SM) and yellow birch (YB) have similar and small discrimination factors (1.14 ± 0.12,1σ and 1.16 ± 0.09,1σ) in foliage formation and discrimination factors of less than 1 in root formation (0.55–0.70). Uptake into beech suggests a larger discrimination factor (1.9 ± 1.2) in foliage but a similar root discrimination factor to SM and YB (0.66 ± 0.06,1σ). Incorporation into spruce foliage occurs at a much slower rate than in these other tree species and precludes evaluation of Ca and Sr discrimination in spruce foliage at this time. Understanding the degree to which Ca is fractionated from Sr in different species allows for refinement in the use of 87Sr/86Sr and Ca/Sr ratios to trace Ca sources to foliage. Methods from this study can be applied to natural environments in which various soil cation pools have different 87Sr/86Sr and Ca/Sr ratios. The results reported herein have implications for re-evaluating Ca sources and fluxes in forest ecosystems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, 1100 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Amanda Ash Dasch & Joel D. Blum

  2. Northeastern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Durham, NH, 03824, USA

    Christopher Eagar

  3. Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Timothy J. Fahey

  4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244-1190, USA

    Charles T. Driscoll

  5. Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

    Thomas G. Siccama

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  1. Amanda Ash Dasch
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  2. Joel D. Blum
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  4. Timothy J. Fahey
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  5. Charles T. Driscoll
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  6. Thomas G. Siccama
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Correspondence to Amanda Ash Dasch.

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Dasch, A.A., Blum, J.D., Eagar, C. et al. The relative uptake of Ca and Sr into tree foliage using a whole-watershed calcium addition. Biogeochemistry 80, 21–41 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-005-6008-z

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