Abstract
Kokuto-shochu is a traditional Japanese distilled liquor made from brown sugar. Kokuto-shochu distillery wastewater (KDW) contains high concentrations of organic compounds and brown pigments (called molasses pigments) which are hardly decolorized by general biological wastewater treatment. A fungus, Penicillium oxalicum d, which we isolated in a previous study, decolorizes 47% of the color from KDW without the addition of any nutrients. P. oxalicum d decolorizes KDW by absorbing the pigments into its mycelia. Here we describe a KDW treatment system that combines biodecolorization and biotreatment by P. oxalicum d with treatment by activated sludge and physical decolorization by ozonation. Adding HClO to suppress bacterial growth and replacing fresh seed sludge at regular intervals helped to maintain the dominance and decolorization ability of P. oxalicum d. In a laboratory-scale demonstration, 48 cycles (12 days) achieved a decolorization ratio of 90% and removed more than 97% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP). A major feature of our system is that it uses only 6% of the water used in an activated sludge-ozonation system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aoshima I, Tozawa Y, Ohmomo S, Ueda K (1985) Production of decolorizing activity for molasses pigment by Coriolus versicolor Ps4a. Agric Biol Chem 49:2041–2045
APHA, AWWA, WEF (1998) standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. APHA, AWWA, WEF, Washington, DC
Fujita M, Iwahori K, Tatsuta S, Yamakawa K (1994) Analysis of pellet formation of Aspergillus niger based on shear stress. J Ferment Bioeng 78:368–373
Kim SJ, Shoda M (1999) Decolorization of molasses and a dye by a newly isolated strain of the fungus Geotrichum candidium Dec1. Biothechnol Bioeng 62:114–119
Lanciotti R, Gianotti A, Baldi D, Angrisani R, Suzzi G, Mastrocola D, Guerzoni ME (2005) Use of Yarrowia lipolitica strains for the treatment of olive mill wastewater. Bioresour Technol 96:317–322
Miranda PM, Benito GG, Cristobal NS, Nieto CH (1996) Color elimination from molasses wastewater by Aspergillus niger. Bioresour Technol 57:229–235
Nakajima-Kambe T, Shimomura M, Nomura N, Chanpornpong T, Nakahara T (1999) Decolorization of molasses wastewater by Bacillus sp. Under thermophilic and anaerobic conditions. J Biosci Bioeng 87:119–121
Ohmomo S, Noboru I, Watanabe Y, Kaneko Y, Tozawa Y, Ueda K (1985) Continuous decolorization of molasses waste water with mycelia of Coriolus versicolor Ps4a. Agirc Biol Chem 49:2551–2555
Ohmomo S, Kainuma M, Kamimura K, Sirianuntapiboon S, Aoshima I, Atthasampunna P (1988) Adsorption of melanoidin to the mycelia of Aspergillus oryzae Y-2-32. Agric Biol Chem 52:381–386
Pant D, Adholeya A (2007a) Biological approaches for treatment of distillery wastewater: a review. Bioresour Technol 98:2321–2334
Pant D, Adholeya A (2007b) Enhanced production of ligninolytic enzymes and decolorization of molasses distillery wastewater by fungi under solid state fermentation. Biodegradation 18:647–659
Pant D, Adholeya A (2007c) Identification, ligninolytic enzyme activity and decolorization potential of two fungi isolated from distillery effluent contaminated site. Water Air Soil Pollut 183:165–176
Peña M, Coca M, González G, Rioja R, García MT (2003) Chemical oxidation of wastewater from molasses fermentation with ozone. Chemosphere 51:893–900
Sirianuntapiboon S, Somachai P, Sihanonth P, Atthasampunna P, Ohmomo S (1988) Microbial decolorization of molasses waste water by Mycelia sterilia D90. Agric Biol Chem 52:393–398
Sirianuntapiboon S, Phothilangka P, Ohmomo S (2004) Decolorization of molasses wastewater by a strain No.BP103 of acetogenic bacteria. Bioresour Technol 92:31–39
Watanabe T, Tanaka M, Masaki K, Fujii T, Iefuji H (2009a) Decolorization and semi-batch continuous treatment of molasses distillery wastewater by Aspergillus tubingensis DCT6. Water Sci Technol 59:2179–2185
Watanabe T, Tanaka M, Okada M, Masaki K, Fujii T, Iefuji H (2009b) Decolorization of brown-sugar shochu wastewater using fungi. J Brew Soc Jpn (in Japanese) 104:495–501
Yamada M, Yamaguchi M, Suzuki T, Ohashi A, Harada H (2006) On-site treatment of high-strength alcohol distillery wastewater by a pilot-scale thermophilic multi-staged UASB (MS-UASB) reactor. Water Sci Technol 53:27–35
Yoshizawa K (1978) Treatment of waste-water discharged from sake brewery using yeast. J Ferment Technol 56:389–395
Yoshizawa K, Momose H, Hasuno T, Suzuki O, Takano K (1980) Disinfection of microorganism in a yeast tank using sterilizers during wastewater treatment. Hakkokogaku (in Japanese) 58:139–144
Zhang SJ, Yang M, Yang QX, Zhang Y, Xin BP, Pan F (2003) Biosorption of reactive dyes by the mycelium pellets of a new isolate of Penicillium oxalicum. Biotechnol Lett 25:1479–1482
Acknowledgements
We thank Amamiooshima-Kaiunn Shuzou Co. Ltd for kindly providing KDW.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Watanabe, T., Tanaka, M., Masaki, K. et al. Decolorization and treatment of Kokuto-shochu distillery wastewater by the combination treatment involving biodecolorization and biotreatment by Penicillium oxalicum d, physical decolorization by ozonation and treatment by activated sludge. Biodegradation 21, 1067–1075 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-010-9367-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-010-9367-7