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Successional trajectory of dung beetle communities in a tropical grassy ecosystem after livestock grazing removal

Biodiversity and Conservation volume 29, pages 2311–2328 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Grazing by large herbivorous mammals is still a structuring force in tropical grassy ecosystems, and cattle grazing is one of the main economic activities carried out in these ecosystems in modern times. Therefore, understanding the impacts of cattle grazing removal on biodiversity may be a key step for conservation of this ecosystem. Here, we studied the successional trajectory of dung beetle communities in a tropical grassy ecosystem after cattle removal. For this, we assessed the patterns of dung beetle taxonomic and functional diversity of 14 natural grasslands with distinct cattle grazing removal ages (from 3 months to 22 years) along a chronosequence, applying the space-for-time substitution method. Our results show a strong decrease in dung beetle abundance (93 times) and species richness (6 times) in the first ten years of cattle removal. However, after ten years there is an increase in dung beetle abundance (73 times) and species richness (5 times). Taxonomic composition was also influenced by cattle removal time demonstrating the importance of cattle in the structuring of dung beetle communities in natural grasslands. In contrast, functional composition and diversity were not affected by cattle grazing removal, indicating these metrics are less sensitive to cattle absence than taxonomic diversity and composition. Our results provide evidence that cattle grazing removal, at least in the short term (10 years), may be an inefficient management tool for restoration and conservation of tropical grassy ecosystems. However, we highlight the need to investigate the reintroduction of cattle grazing after different removal times to provide complimentary information to livestock management able to integrate human use and conservation of tropical grassy ecosystems.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the father of the first author, Agenor Martinho Correa, for his logistical support, Fernando Vaz-de-Mello for the taxonomic support and additional information about the species, to Gilmayron Mendes, Alexandre Campos and Endrew Bivar for the field support, and two anonymous reviewers for the fruitful comments on the manuscript. CMAC received a PhD scholarship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) (140741/2015-1) from the Entomology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Lavras, and a PhD sandwich scholarship from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoa de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil) (88881.134292/2016-01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil

    César M. A. Correa

  2. Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil

    Lívia D. Audino & Julio Louzada

  3. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK

    Robert Holdbrook, Rosa Menéndez & Julio Louzada

  4. Universidade Do Estado de Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, 35501-170, Brazil

    Rodrigo F. Braga

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  1. César M. A. Correa
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Correspondence to César M. A. Correa.

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Correa, C.M.A., Audino, L.D., Holdbrook, R. et al. Successional trajectory of dung beetle communities in a tropical grassy ecosystem after livestock grazing removal. Biodivers Conserv 29, 2311–2328 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-01975-x

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Keywords

  • Biodiversity conservation
  • Chronosequence
  • Functional diversity
  • Grasslands restoration
  • Livestock management
  • Scarabaeinae

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