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Long-term changes in the benthic macroalgal flora of a coastal area affected by urban impacts (Conero Riviera, Mediterranean Sea)

Biodiversity and Conservation volume 29, pages 2275–2295 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Seaweed communities are important coastal ecosystems representing good indicators of environmental variation related to climate change and other long-term changes. Long-term variation in the distribution of seaweed communities and individual seaweed species has been intensively investigated; however, long-term studies considering the whole seaweed flora of a geographical area have been infrequently produced, despite of their potential to unravel major changes. The macroalgal flora of a coastal area subjected to urban influences (Conero Riviera, Mediterranean Sea) was investigated comparing the contemporary flora with historical data available for three periods (1941–1946; 1964–1976; 1997–1999). The most evident change was the disappearance of 25–30 species that were present in 1941–1946 (and, in some cases, still in 1964–1976). Such losses are not recent and took place mainly in the years 1940–1960. A general environmental deterioration due to the urbanization of the area of Ancona is suggested as main cause of their disappearance; there is no evidence that their loss was related to climate change. Another major change was the introduction of 9 non-indigenous species, which were probably introduced from the Lagoon of Venice by maritime traffic. One of them, Melanothamnus japonicus, is now very abundant on the Conero Riviera. The results show that present floristic patterns may result from changes that took place at the time scale of many decades, which are rarely considered in studies on benthic vegetation. We suggest that future floristic studies of benthic macroalgae should be based on large-scale programs of DNA barcoding, in order to avoid overlooking invasive cryptic species.

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Funding

Funding was provided by Università Politecnica delle Marche (Grant No. RSA years 2011-2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy

    Fabio Rindi, Cristina G. Di Camillo & Tiziana Romagnoli

  2. Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias - Sede Bogotá, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

    Brigitte Gavio

  3. Coastal Biology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences and Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain

    Pilar Díaz-Tapia

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  1. Fabio Rindi
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  2. Brigitte Gavio
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  4. Cristina G. Di Camillo
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Correspondence to Fabio Rindi.

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Communicated by Angus Jackson.

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Rindi, F., Gavio, B., Díaz-Tapia, P. et al. Long-term changes in the benthic macroalgal flora of a coastal area affected by urban impacts (Conero Riviera, Mediterranean Sea). Biodivers Conserv 29, 2275–2295 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-01973-z

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Keywords

  • Climate change
  • Floristic losses
  • Habitat destruction
  • Long-term changes
  • Macroalgal floras
  • Non-indigenous species

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