Abstract
The Cerrado is one of the most threatened biomes in Brazil, with little spatial representation within the Protected Area network. Recently, proposed conservation plans worldwide have advocated for the use of multiple biodiversity facets to protect unique evolutionary and functional processes. Our aim was to identify areas with high biodiversity representativeness applying this multifaceted perspective, and propose conservation plans based on the joint analysis of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity. We used a database of the Brazilian National Program for Research in Biodiversity, which employs a standard protocol for sampling tadpoles. The Cerrado database includes samples from 165 water bodies spread over 15 localities, covering most of the Central Brazilian Cerrado. We selected four morphological traits to calculate functional diversity and used a dated phylogeny available in the literature to compute phylogenetic diversity. Our approach selected five priority areas for conservation, one of which is already protected. Our results highlighted the importance of four new areas which show high values of diversity, including original lineages and traits, and urgently need conservation prioritization. Furthermore, unlike the current protected network, our approach performs significantly better than random at protecting sites with high phylogenetic and functional diversity. We therefore discuss how the multifaceted indices considered can help protect key ecosystem functions and evolutionary legacy in anuran communities of the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Acknowledgements
We want to thank C.F.B. Haddad, Nomura, F. and L.F. Toledo for loaning the tadpoles for this study; ECOFFUN members, D.B. Provete and M.V. Garey for useful discussion and suggestions during the development of this manuscript; and all the people involved with the SISBIOTA database, who made this study possible. L.S.O.M was supported by a scholarship from “Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo”- FAPESP (2013/26101-8); D.C.R.F was supported by SISBIOTA, a research grant from Coordenadoria Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Técnológico-CNPq and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado de São Paulo – FAPESP support (CNPq 563075/2010-4 and FAPESP 2010/52321-7). DCRF is a CNPq fellow (# 302328/2017-3).
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Communicated by David Hawksworth.
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Ouchi-Melo, L.S., Meynard, C.N., Gonçalves-Souza, T. et al. Integrating phylogenetic and functional biodiversity facets to guide conservation: a case study using anurans in a global biodiversity hotspot. Biodivers Conserv 27, 3247–3266 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1600-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1600-4