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Bird community responses to afforested eucalyptus plantations in the Argentine pampas

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Abstract

Land-use change driven by human population growth and economic activity will continue to impact both natural habitats and land currently being used for food, fiber, and fuel production. The effects of this conversion on economically important ecological services will in large part depend on how native biodiversity responds to these changes. We investigated how agriculture-related land use change influences the avian community in northeastern Argentina by examining common agricultural land uses (pasture/annual crops, young and mature large-scale eucalyptus plantations, mixed-use farms with citrus, blueberry and small stands of eucalyptus) and remnant native espinal savannas. In this region, afforested eucalyptus plantations represent a new land-use change from the land cover of pasture with intermixed annual crops that has dominated the region. In this mosaic, we used point counts to assess how avian diversity and community structure differed between land uses. Bird species richness was lowest in older plantations and highest in the espinal savanna, with the other land uses having intermediate richness. Abundance trends followed the same pattern, with low overall abundance in the plantations, intermediate levels for pasture/annual crops, and highest abundance in the espinal. Distinct bird community assemblages were strongly associated with each land use, and between young and mature eucalyptus stands. Birds can be useful indicators for biodiversity as a whole, and the depopulated and depauperate avian community within the eucalyptus plantations will likely lead to reduced provision of many ecosystem services in this region if the spatial extent of plantations continues to expand.

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful for the support of the researchers, extension agents and staff of the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Concordia, particularly P. Cavigliasso and L. Roman, without which, this research would not be possible. The authors are deeply indebted to S. Oliviera for his expertise in avian ecology and identification of pampas birds. We are especially thankful to many landowners of La Criolla, General Campos and Federal and companies Comercio y Desarrollo S.A. and Com BeyGa Humaitá S.A. who granted us access to their lands to conduct this research. We also thank El Palmar National Park that permitted us to complete bird surveys within the park. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Partnerships in International Research and Education grant (No.1243444). Our thanks to the anonymous reviewers who greatly improved earlier drafts of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr., Houghton, MI, 49931, USA

    Colin C. Phifer, Jessie L. Knowlton, Christopher R. Webster & David J. Flaspohler

  2. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria EEA Concordia, Estación Yuquerí, Ruta Provincial 22 y vías del FFCC, 3200, Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina

    Julian A. Licata

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  1. Colin C. Phifer
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  2. Jessie L. Knowlton
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Correspondence to Colin C. Phifer.

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Communicated by Eckehard Brockerhoff, Hervé Jactel and Ian Thompson.

This is part of the special issue on ‘Forest biodiversity and ecosystem services’.

Appendix

Appendix

See Table 3.

Table 3 Complete species name, frequency of detection per land use, and diet guide for all birds detected in Entre Ríos, Argentina. Transects were divided by points within the eucalyptus plantation and grassland for comparison. Diet guilds were adopted from del Hoyo et al. (2014)
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Phifer, C.C., Knowlton, J.L., Webster, C.R. et al. Bird community responses to afforested eucalyptus plantations in the Argentine pampas. Biodivers Conserv 26, 3073–3101 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-016-1126-6

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