Abstract.
Data on genetic similarity among crop cultivars is of vital importance for the plant breeder. The objectives of this study were to group pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes into clusters according to their distances as estimated by morphological traits and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and to assess the relationships between the two. Thirty-nine pepper genotypes obtained from different countries were grown in the greenhouse at University of the Free State, South Africa, during 2001 and 2002 in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A total of 20 different morphological traits were measured and six AFLP primer pairs were used to estimate pairwise genetic distances. Both datasets showed high genetic distances among the different genotypes, indicating high genetic diversity among them. The mean genetic distance among Ethiopian pungent elongated-fruit genotypes, was lower than that between them and the introduced ones. Morphological and AFLP distance estimations generally clustered together genotypes with similar fruit sizes. Significant, positive correlation was observed between morphological and AFLP diversity estimations. The narrow genetic basis among the Ethiopian pungent elongated-fruit cultivars suggests that the pepper breeding program of Ethiopia should focus on enriching its germplasm through local collection and introductions from other parts of the world.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agrobase 2000. Agronomix Software Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
N.R. Apuya B.L. Frazier P. Keim E. Jillroth K.G. Lark (1988) ArticleTitleRestriction fragment length polymorphisms as genetic markers in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merill Theor. Appl. Genet. 75 889–901
J. Burstin A. Charcosset (1997) ArticleTitleRelationship between phenotypic and marker distances: theoretical and experimental investigations Heredity 79 477–483 Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.hdy.6882270
S. Chao P.J. Sharp A.J. Worland E.J. Warham R.M.D. Koebner M.D. Gale (1989) ArticleTitleRFLP-based genetic maps of wheat homologous group 7 chromosomes Theor. Appl. Genet. 78 495–504 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00290833
C. Conicella A. Errico F. Saccardo (1990) ArticleTitleCytogenic and isozyme studies of wild and cultivated Capsicum annuum Genome 33 279–282
K. Edwards C. Johnstone C. Thompson (1991) ArticleTitleA simple and rapid method for the preparation of plant genomic DNA for PCR analysis Nucleic Acids Res. 19 1349 Occurrence Handle2030957
R.P. Ellis J.W. Mcnicol E. Baird A. Booth P. Lawrence B. Thomas W. Powell (1997) ArticleTitleThe use of AFLPs to examine genetic relatedness in barley Mol. Breed. 3 359–369 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1009602321815
S.S. Figdore W.C. Kennard K.M. Song M.K. Slocum T.C. Osborn (1988) ArticleTitleAssessment of the degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism in Brassica Theor. Appl. Genet. 75 833–840
C. Gebhardt E. Ritter T. Debener U. Schachtschabel B. Walkemeir H. Uhrig F. Salamini (1989) ArticleTitleRFLP analysis and linkage mapping in Solanum tuberosum Theor. Appl. Genet. 78 65–75 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00299755
J.T. Gerdes W.F. Tracy (1994) ArticleTitleDiversity of historically improved sweet corn inbreds as estimated by RFLPs, morphology, isozymes, and pedigree Crop Sci. 34 26–33
W.H. Greenleaf (1986) Pepper breeding M.J. Bassett (Eds) Breeding Vegetable Crops AVI Westport, Connecticut 67–134
H.P. Hafganel (1961) Agriculture in Ethiopia Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations RomeItaly
J.L. Hintze (1998) NCSS 2000 Statistical System for Windows Number Cruncher Statistical Systems Kaysville, Utah
IPGRI, AVRDC and CATE 1995. Descriptors for Capsicum (Capsicum spp.). International Plant Genetic Resources InstituteRomeItaly; the Asian Vegetable Research and Development CenterTaipeiTaiwan; and the Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza, Trrialba, Costa Rica.
M. Lee (1995) ArticleTitleDNA markers and plant breeding programs Adv. Agron. 55 265–344
V. Lefebvre B. Goffinet J.C. Chauvet B. Caromel (2001) ArticleTitleEvaluation of genetic distances between pepper inbred lines for cultivar protection purposes: comparison of AFLP, RAPD and phenotypic data Theor. Appl. Genet. 102 741–750 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s001220051705
V. Lefebvre A. Palloix M. Rives (1993) ArticleTitleNuclear RFLP between pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum L.) Euphytica 71 189–199 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00040408
D.J. Mackill Z. Zhang E.D. Redona P.M. Colowit (1996) ArticleTitleLevel of polymorphism and genetic mapping of AFLP markers in rice Genome 39 969–977 Occurrence Handle8890522
J.C. Miller S.D. Tanksley (1989) ArticleTitleRFLP analysis of polygenetic relationships and genetic variation in the genus Lycopersicon Theor. Appl. Genet. 80 437–448
S.H. Nam J.W. Yu B.C. Kang B.D. Kim (1997) ArticleTitleSelection of parental lines for hot pepper mapping population using RFLP and AFLP analysis J. Korean Soc. Horticult. Sci. 38 IssueID6 693–697
M. Nei (1987) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Columbia University Press New York
I. Paran E. Aftergoot C. Shifriss (1998) ArticleTitleVariation in Capsicum annuum revealed by RAPD and AFLP markers Euphytica 99 167–173 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1018301215945
S. Paul F.N. Wachira W. Powell M.E. Waugh (1996) ArticleTitleDiversity and genetic differentiation among populations of Indian and Kenyan tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] revealed by AFLP markers Theor. Appl. Genet. 94 255–263 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s001220050408
B. Pickersgill (1988) ArticleTitleThe genus Capsicum: a multidisciplinary approach to the taxonomy of cultivated and wild plants Biol. Zentralbl. 107 381–389
J.P. Prince F. Loaiza-Figueroa S.D. Tanksley (1992) ArticleTitleRestriction fragment length polymorphism and genetic distance among Mexican accessions of Capsicum Genome 35 726–732
J.S.C. Smith (1988) ArticleTitleDiversity of United States hybrid maize germplasm: isozymic and chromatographic evidence Crop Sci. 28 63–69
J.S.C. Smith O.S. Smith (1989) ArticleTitleThe description and assessment of distances between inbred lines of maize: II. The utility of morphological, biochemical, and genetic descriptors, and scheme for the testing of distinctiveness between inbred lines Maydica 39 151–161
M. Soller J. Beckmann (1983) ArticleTitleGenetic polymorphism in varietal identification and genetic improvement Theor. Appl. Genet. 67 25–33 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00303917
S.D. Tanklsey (1983) ArticleTitleMolecular markers in plant breeding Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 1 3–8
P. Vos R. Hogers M. Bleeker M. Reijans T. de Lee M. Hornes M. Zabeau et al. (1995) ArticleTitleAFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting Nucleic Acids Res. 23 4407–4414 Occurrence Handle7501463
Z. Yayeh A.C. Zeven (1997) ArticleTitleVariation in Yugoslavian hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) accessions Euphytica 97 81–89 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1003028703431
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Geleta, L., Labuschagne, M. & Viljoen, C. Genetic Variability in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Estimated by Morphological Data and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers. Biodivers Conserv 14, 2361–2375 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-1669-9
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-1669-9