Abstract
The study of the epigenetic regulation of gene function has reached pivotal importance in life sciences in the last decades. The mechanisms and effects of processes such as DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications and non-coding RNAs, as well as their impact on chromatin structure and dynamics, are clearly involved in physiology homeostasis in plants, animals and microorganisms. In the fungal kingdom, studies on the model yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe contributed enormously to the elucidation of the eukaryote epigenetic landscape. Epigenetic regulation plays a central role in the expression of virulence attributes of human pathogens such as Candida albicans. In this article, we review the most recent studies on the effects of drugs capable of altering epigenetic states and on the impact of chromatin structure-related genes deletion in filamentous fungi. Emphasis is given on plant and insect pathogens, endophytes, secondary metabolites and cellulases/xylanases producing species.
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Abbreviations
- 5-AZA:
-
5-Azacytidine
- CHART-PCR:
-
Chromatin accessibility real-time PCR
- ChIP:
-
Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- Cre1:
-
Carbon catabolite repressor 1
- DNMTi:
-
DNA-methyltransferases inhibitor(s)
- DNMTs:
-
DNA-methyltransferases
- GlcNAc:
-
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
- HATs:
-
Histone acetyltransferases
- HDACi:
-
Histone deacetylases inhibitor(s)
- HDACs:
-
Histone deacetylases
- HP1:
-
Heterochromatin protein 1
- HPLC:
-
High performance liquid chromatography
- HPTMs:
-
Histone posttranslational modifications
- KMTs:
-
Histone lysine methyltransferases
- NaBut:
-
Sodium butyrate
- ncRNAs:
-
Non-coding RNAs
- PKE:
-
Polyketides
- PKS:
-
Polyketides synthase
- SAHA:
-
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
- SMRT:
-
Single molecule real-time sequencing
- SMs:
-
Secondary metabolites
- TEs:
-
Transposable elements
- TSA:
-
Trichostatin A
- VOCs:
-
Volatile organic compounds
- VPA:
-
Valproic acid
- Xyr1:
-
Xylanase regulator 1
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The authors inform that their own data were funded by FUB, CAPES, CNPq and FAP-DF, Brazil, whose support is greatly appreciated.
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Poças-Fonseca, M.J., Cabral, C.G. & Manfrão-Netto, J.H.C. Epigenetic manipulation of filamentous fungi for biotechnological applications: a systematic review. Biotechnol Lett 42, 885–904 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02871-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02871-8