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Meta-Analysis of Gene Polymorphism of Beta-Lactoglobulin Gene in Indian Dairy Cows

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Abstract

The aim of the present paper was to summarize the gene polymorphisms of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene and its effects on milk yield in 1840 genotyped Indian dairy cows reported in 17 published studies. The meta-analysis was undertaken using gene frequencies of individual studies under random effects model, whereas for association analysis of genotypes with milk yield, standardized mean differences (SMDs) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained under four genetic models such as additive (AA vs. BB), dominant (AA+AB vs. BB), completely over dominant (AA+BB vs. AB) and recessive (AA vs. AB+BB). The heterogeneity index (I2) was used to determine heterogeneity between studies. The results of meta-analysis suggested that the pooled allelic frequency of allele A was subsidiary as 0.29 (95% CI 0.24, 0.33, I2 = 88.54%) in targeted population, and also, it was non-significantly (P > 0.05) different between Bos indicus (0.28) and Bos taurus/cross cows (0.30). Egger’s test indicated no risk of publication bias (P > 0.05). The results also revealed that BLG gene variants have non-significant (P > 0.05) association with milk yield under all genetic models. Although positive effects of SMDs under some models were observed, however, they failed to meet statistical significance (P > 0.05) due to high heterogeneity between studies which lead to conclusion of only uncertain influences of SNP genotypes with milk yield. It was concluded that BLG markers may not be beneficial for improving milk yield in Indian dairy cows. However, it is suggested that the revalidation of the present results should be done by using more number of studies.

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Data Availability

The data will be made available on the request.

Abbreviations

BLG:

Beta-lactoglobulin

SNP:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

SMD:

Standardized mean difference

CI:

Confidence interval

PRISMA:

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Chairman and members of Institutional Project Committee, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hisar, Haryana for granting permission and providing necessary facilities to conduct this research work. The authors express their gratitude to the learned referee and the Editor-in-Chief for their valuable comments on the original version of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India

    Yogesh C. Bangar, C. S. Patil, Ankit Magotra & A. S. Yadav

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  1. Yogesh C. Bangar
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  2. C. S. Patil
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  3. Ankit Magotra
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  4. A. S. Yadav
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Contributions

YCB conceptualized the idea of this review; YCB and CSP conducted the literature search and data extraction, YCB and AM analyzed of data and wrote paper, ASY edited and revised final version of paper.

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Correspondence to Yogesh C. Bangar.

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The present investigation did not require ethical approval as only data records from published literature have been used for meta-analysis.

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Bangar, Y.C., Patil, C.S., Magotra, A. et al. Meta-Analysis of Gene Polymorphism of Beta-Lactoglobulin Gene in Indian Dairy Cows. Biochem Genet 60, 1039–1048 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10153-9

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