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Non-coding Single Nucleotide Variants of Renin and the (Pro)renin Receptor are Associated with Polygenic Diseases in a Bangladeshi Population

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Abstract

Non-coding variants or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play pivotal roles in orchestrating pathogeneses of polygenic diseases, including hypertension (HTN) and diabetes. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) components—renin and (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR]—maintain homeostasis of body fluids. Genetic variants of RAS components are associated with risk of HTN and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in different ethnic groups. We identified associations of SNPs within the renin and (P)RR genes with HTN, T2D, and T2D-associated hypertension in 911 unrelated Bangladeshi individuals. Five non-coding SNPs were involved in modulating regulatory elements in diverse cell types when tagged with other SNPs. rs61827960 was not associated with any disease; rs3730102 was associated with increased risk of HTN and T2D while under dominant model, it showed protective role against T2D-associated HTN. SNP rs11571079 was associated with increased risk of HTN and T2D-associated HTN and decreased risk of T2D, exerting a protective effect. Renin haplotypes GCA and GTG were related to increased risk of T2D and T2D-associated HTN, respectively. Heterogeneous linkage of genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs2968915 and rs3112298 of (P)RR was observed. The (P)RR haplotype GA was associated with increased risk of HTN and significantly decreased risk of T2D. These findings highlight important roles of non-coding variants of renin and (P)RR genes in the etiology of several polygenic diseases.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially supported by a grant approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology (2017–2018), Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and University Grants Commission (2017–2018), Bangladesh, and by the JSPS KAKENHI (Japan Society for Promotion of Science, KAKENHI), Grant No. 18KK0273. The authors express their heartfelt gratitude to Professor Dr Haseena Khan and Professor Dr Zeba Islam Seraj for allowing us to use their laboratory facilities when required.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Jobaida Akther, Ashish Das, Md Arifur Rahman, Sajoy Kanti Saha, Md Ismail Hosen & A. H. M. Nurun Nabi

  2. National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Md Arifur Rahman

  3. Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Akio Ebihara, Tsutomu Nakagawa & Fumiaki Suzuki

  4. United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Akio Ebihara & Tsutomu Nakagawa

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  1. Jobaida Akther
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  2. Ashish Das
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Contributions

AHMNN conceived the idea. AHMNN and AE designed the experiments. JA conducted all the experiments in the laboratory of population genetics. MAR interviewed the patients and collected the samples. JA, TN, and SKS performed data analyses. MIH and AD performed the bioinformatics analyses and haplotype frequency analyses. JA, AHMNN, and FS wrote the manuscript. All authors approved submission of the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to A. H. M. Nurun Nabi.

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Akther, J., Das, A., Rahman, M.A. et al. Non-coding Single Nucleotide Variants of Renin and the (Pro)renin Receptor are Associated with Polygenic Diseases in a Bangladeshi Population. Biochem Genet 59, 1116–1145 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-021-10049-8

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