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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Inferring Phylogenetic Relationships of Indian Citron (Citrus medica L.) based on rbcL and matK Sequences of Chloroplast DNA

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Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships of Indian Citron (Citrus medica L.) with other important Citrus species have been inferred through sequence analyses of rbcL and matK gene region of chloroplast DNA. The study was based on 23 accessions of Citrus genotypes representing 15 taxa of Indian Citrus, collected from wild, semi-wild, and domesticated stocks. The phylogeny was inferred using the maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. Both MP and NJ trees separated all the 23 accessions of Citrus into five distinct clusters. The chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) analysis based on rbcL and matK sequence data carried out in Indian taxa of Citrus was useful in differentiating all the true species and species/varieties of probable hybrid origin in distinct clusters or groups. Sequence analysis based on rbcL and matK gene provided unambiguous identification and disposition of true species like C. maxima, C. medica, C. reticulata, and related hybrids/cultivars. The separation of C. maxima, C. medica, and C. reticulata in distinct clusters or sub-clusters supports their distinctiveness as the basic species of edible Citrus. However, the cpDNA sequence analysis of rbcL and matK gene could not find any clear cut differentiation between subgenera Citrus and Papeda as proposed in Swingle’s system of classification.

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Change history

  • 24 October 2019

    The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article [1] because of significant overlap with previously published articles [2, 3, 4, 5]. Ajit Uchoi, Surendra Kumar Malik, Ravish Chaudhary, Susheel Kumar, M.R. Rohini, Digvender Pal, and Sezai Ercisli disagree with the retraction. The publisher was not able to get in contact with Rekha Chaudhury, she did not respond to any correspondence about this retraction.

  • 24 October 2019

    The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article [1] because of significant overlap with previously published articles [2���5]. Ajit Uchoi, Surendra Kumar Malik, Ravish Chaudhary, Susheel Kumar, M.R. Rohini, Digvender Pal, and Sezai Ercisli disagree with the retraction. The publisher was not able to get in contact with Rekha Chaudhury, she did not respond to any correspondence about this retraction.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Director, NBPGR and Head, Exploration and Collection Division, NBPGR, New Delhi for encouragement and support. The authors thank the officers and staff of forest departments and ICAR institutes/centres in Northeast India for assistance and support during exploration and survey trips. The authors are also thankful to Post Graduate School, IARI and University Grant Commission for awarding Doctorate Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India

    Ajit Uchoi, Ravish Choudhary, M. R. Rohini & Digvender Pal

  2. Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation Unit, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Surendra Kumar Malik & Rekha Chaudhury

  3. Rubber Board Office, Paralakhemundi, Gajapati, Odisha, India

    Susheel Kumar

  4. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Sezai Ercisli

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  1. Ajit Uchoi
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  2. Surendra Kumar Malik
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  3. Ravish Choudhary
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Correspondence to Surendra Kumar Malik.

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The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article because of significant overlap with previously published articles. Ajit Uchoi, Surendra Kumar Malik, Ravish Chaudhary, Susheel Kumar, M.R. Rohini, Digvender Pal, and Sezai Ercisli disagree with the retraction. The publisher was not able to get in contact with Rekha Chaudhury. She did not respond to any correspondence about this retraction.

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Uchoi, A., Malik, S.K., Choudhary, R. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Inferring Phylogenetic Relationships of Indian Citron (Citrus medica L.) based on rbcL and matK Sequences of Chloroplast DNA. Biochem Genet 54, 249–269 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-016-9716-2

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