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Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation of the Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio xuthus, and the Cabbage Butterfly, Pieris rapae

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Abstract

We analyzed a portion of mitochondrial COI gene sequences (658 bp) to investigate the genetic diversity and geographic variation of the swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus L. (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), and the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Papilio xuthus showed a moderate level of sequence divergence (0.91% at maximum) in 15 haplotypes, whereas Pi. rapae showed a moderate to high level of sequence divergence (1.67% at maximum) in 30 haplotypes, compared with other relevant studies. Analyses of population genetic structure showed that most populations are not genetically differentiated in both species. The distribution pattern of both species appears to be consistent with category IV of the phylogeographic pattern sensu Avise: a phylogenetic continuity, an absence of regional isolation of mtDNA clones, and extensive distribution of close clones. The observed pattern of genetic diversity and geographic variation of the two butterfly species seem to reflect the abundant habitats, abundant host plants, and flying abilities in connection with the lack of historical biogeographic barriers.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by a grant (Code 2007040134004) from the Biogreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Science, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea

    Heon Cheon Jeong & Jong Eun Lee

  2. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea

    Jung A. Kim, Hyun Hwak Im, Hyung Uk Jeong, Mee Yeon Hong, Yeon Soo Han & Iksoo Kim

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  1. Heon Cheon Jeong
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  2. Jung A. Kim
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  3. Hyun Hwak Im
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  4. Hyung Uk Jeong
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Correspondence to Iksoo Kim.

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Jeong, H.C., Kim, J.A., Im, H.H. et al. Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation of the Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio xuthus, and the Cabbage Butterfly, Pieris rapae . Biochem Genet 47, 165–178 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-008-9214-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-008-9214-2

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