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Influence of the management of rice crops and wild vegetation on the diversity of Scelionidae egg parasitoids of Pentatomidae

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Abstract

Egg parasitoids of the family Scelionidae are important biological control agents in many agricultural systems, including rice. Several species attack Pentatomidae. Some are used in applied biological control programs. We studied the richness, abundance, and population fluctuations of scelionids through gradients of distance from the forest near the cultivated areas and in two stages of plant development under different rice managements. The work took place in two irrigated rice crops, one with organic management (O.M.) and another with conventional management (C.M.), in the municipality of Nova Santa Rita, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons. The parasitoids were collected with Malaise traps placed at different distances in relation to the riparian forest surrounding the rice crop. Specimens were collected twice a month from seeding until the rice harvest. The most abundant genera were Idris, Telenomus, and Baeus. Telenomus podisi, Telenomus sp. 3, Telenomus sp. 2, and Telenomus sp. 1, were the most abundant morphospecies, and their abundance changed over the plant stages and seasons. The rice phenological stage influenced the diversity over the two seasons and, in the second one, the kind of pesticide used possibly had a negative influence on the parasitoid assemblage in conventional management. Close to the forest, there was a greater abundance of Scelionidae in the C.M. area in the first season. This was not found in the O.M. area at any crop season. The high abundance of scelionids indicates that natural biological control may be important in the rice crop, particularly in areas under organic management.

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Data availability

The datasets from the current study are available from the corresponding author on request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the PhD scholarships granted to the first author and to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for fellowships awarded to the second (CNPq 305336/2019-3). We also thank the Cooperative of Farming Production Nova Santa Rita Ltda (COOPAN), Mr. Denis rice farmer, and C.A. Triplehorn Insect Collection, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Health Department, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Bairro Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil

    Simone Mundstock Jahnke

  2. Post-Graduate Program of Plant Production, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Gisele de Souza da Silva

  3. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Norman F. Johnson

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  1. Simone Mundstock Jahnke
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  2. Gisele de Souza da Silva
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  3. Norman F. Johnson
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Contributions

GSS: Conceptualization, methodology, investigation, species identification, formal analysis, writing – original draft, writing—review. SMJ: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, supervision, writing—original draft, writing—review and edition. NFJ: Conceptualization, methodology, supervision, species identification, writing—review.

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Correspondence to Simone Mundstock Jahnke.

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Jahnke, S.M., da Silva, G.d.S. & Johnson, N.F. Influence of the management of rice crops and wild vegetation on the diversity of Scelionidae egg parasitoids of Pentatomidae. BioControl (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-024-10252-7

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