Abstract
National idiosyncrasies in the adoption of the Nagoya Protocol (NP) and implementation of access and benefit sharing (ABS) have created obstacles for many research-based activities that require access to genetic resources. This is particularly true for disciplines such as classical and augmentative biological control. As a provider of biological control genetic resources worldwide, South America plays an important role in this context. The status of adoption of the NP in South America is reviewed, analysing the number of internationally recognised certificates of compliance, and examining the number of certificates issued in South America to access biological control genetic resources. We also summarise the common problems associated with access and export of biological control genetic resources through the experience of a non-governmental organisation in Argentina, the Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas (https://en.fuedei.org/). Finally, we provide some communication and awareness-raising activities to persuade policy makers on the importance of facilitating the exchange of biocontrol genetic resources and ABS regulations in South America.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank MSc. María Julieta Ansaldi, Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Argentina, and MSc. Ana Navarro Ortega, Ministry of Environment, Water and Ecological Transition of Ecuador, for providing information regarding ABS measures in Argentina and Ecuador, respectively. We also want to thank Emilia Seal for organizing the information regarding export permits for biological control agents from FuEDEI
Funding
This paper is an expanded contribution from a presentation given at the symposium on Access and Benefit Sharing Genetic Resources and Biological Control at the XXVI International Congress of Entomology, July 17–22, 2022, Helsinki, Finland. The International Organisation for Biological Control covered part of Fernando Mc Kay's expenses to participate in the symposium. This project was also funded by the Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas.
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Mc Kay, F., Sosa, A. & Cabrera Walsh, G. Accessing biological control genetic resources: the South American experience. BioControl 68, 261–267 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-023-10178-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-023-10178-6