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Linking cell polarity, aging and rejuvenation

Biogerontology volume 12, pages 167–175 (2011)Cite this article

Abstract

Cell polarity is a universal biological phenomenon. While much is known about the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity, its role in aging and age-related diseases remains to be fully addressed. Nonetheless, the exciting findings in the budding yeast indicate that the polar processes are intimately linked to both aging of the mother cell and rejuvenation of the daughter cell. This includes polar segregation of damaged proteins and ERCs due to the septin-based diffusion barrier, asymmetric inheritance of MDR proteins and retrograde protein transport. The principal, still unexplored question is whether the same polar mechanisms work during the asymmetric division of germ and stem cells, allowing their rejuvenation across generations. Further strengthening the links between cell polarity and aging is a large number of common genes associated with both polarity and longevity. Given a strong similarity between mechanisms of cell polarity in yeast and higher eukaryotes, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae could serve as a convenient model system for studying the links between the cell polarity, aging and rejuvenation. Consequently, exploring the potential mammalian equivalents of yeast-established polarity mechanisms could be the focus for future biogerontological investigations.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

ARDs:

Age-related diseases

EMT:

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition

ERCs:

Extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA circles

LAGs:

Longevity-associated genes

MDR:

Multidrug resistance

mRNA:

Messenger RNA

RBPs:

RNA-binding proteins

RNP:

Ribonucleoprotein

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TOR:

Target of rapamycin

UTR:

Untranslated region

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Acknowledgments

We thank Mr. Dmitri Taranukha and Mr. Nikolai Gobshtis for their assistance in collecting the data and to Mr. Amir Abramovich and Mr. Robi Tacutu for the assistance in preparing the manuscript for submission. This work was supported by the European Commission FP7 Health Research Grant number HEALTH-F4-2008-202047 (to V.E.F.).

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Affiliations

  1. The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B 653, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Arie Budovsky & Vadim E. Fraifeld

  2. Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University Center of Samaria, Ariel, Israel

    Arie Budovsky & Stella Aronov

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  1. Arie Budovsky
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  2. Vadim E. Fraifeld
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  3. Stella Aronov
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Correspondence to Vadim E. Fraifeld.

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Budovsky, A., Fraifeld, V.E. & Aronov, S. Linking cell polarity, aging and rejuvenation. Biogerontology 12, 167–175 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-010-9305-4

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Keywords

  • Cell polarity
  • Aging
  • Age-related diseases
  • Rejuvenation
  • Yeast
  • Humans