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Table 1 Parameter levels on the three factorial designs, with respective total number of cells for each design simulation

From: MR-DoC2: Bidirectional Causal Modeling with Instrumental Variables and Data from Relatives

θ

Design 1 (ACE)

Design 2 (AE)

Design 3 (AE)

b1

\(\sqrt{0.025}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\)

\(\sqrt{0.025}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\),\(\sqrt{0.075}\)

\(-\sqrt{0.075}\), \(-\sqrt{0.03}\), \(\sqrt{0.03}\), \(\sqrt{0.075}\)

b3

\(\sqrt{0.025}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\)

\(\sqrt{0.025}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\), \(\sqrt{0.075}\)

\(-\sqrt{0.075}\), \(-\sqrt{0.03}\), \(\sqrt{0.03}\), \(\sqrt{0.075}\)

g1

\(\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\)

\(\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.04}\), \(\sqrt{0.06}\)

\(-\sqrt{0.050}\), \(-\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.050}\), \(\sqrt{0.020}\)

g2

\(\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.05}\)

\(\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.04}\), \(\sqrt{0.06}\)

\(-\sqrt{0.050}\), \(-\sqrt{0.020}\), \(\sqrt{0.050}\), \(\sqrt{0.020}\)

ra

0.25, 0.50

0.0, 0.25, 0.50

0.3

rc

0.25, 0.50

0

0

re

0.25, 0.50

0.0, 0.25, 0.50

0.3

rf

0.25, 0.50

0.0, 0.25, 0.50

0.3

a1

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

\(\sqrt{0.5}\)

a2

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

\(\sqrt{0.3}\)

c1

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

0

0

c2

\(\sqrt{0.10}\), \(\sqrt{0.25}\)

0

0

Total cells

212 = 4096

37*22 = 8748

44 = 256

  1. The model specification can be seen in Fig. 2. Also, e1 was specified as \(\sqrt{1- {a}_{1}^{2}- {c}_{1}^{2}}\) and e2 as \(\sqrt{1-{a}_{2}^{2}- {c}_{2}^{2}}\). Table 4 exemplifies rows extracted from Design 3