Abstract
Italian Risk MAps (IRMA) is an innovative IT platform developed by European centre for training and research in earthquake engineering (Eucentre) with funds of the Italian Civil Protection Department, and addressed to the scientific community. IRMA allows data sharing, methods and models aimed to evaluate the seismic risk of Italian residential buildings, in order to comply with the requirements of the “Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030” (Sendai Framework). IRMA uses OpenQuake, a calculation engine developed as part of the Global Earthquake Model, to evaluate earthquake loss estimation. The user can create and upload different exposure/vulnerability databases as well as different sets of fragility curves on the platform. The hazard used in the platform is the MPS04 hazard model, developed by National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology that is actually the reference hazard map for the Italian code regulation. IRMA is extremely flexible: by combining the different exposure databases with all the possible sets of fragility curves, the user can produce maps of conditional damage (i.e. the return period is selected) or unconditional damage (i.e. an observation time window is selected). Damage scenarios can also be performed by using shakemaps of seismic events as input. The shakemaps, preloaded in the platform, are those referred to the recent seismic events in Italy. The article describes the context in which IRMA was developed, its features and architecture. IRMA was used in 2018 by DPC to produce the National Risk Assessment, in agreement with EU decision 1313/2013.
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Acknowledgements
IRMA is a platform of the Italian Department of Civil Protection. The authors would like to express their gratefulness to Prof. Mauro Dolce for the constructive discussion during the project activities. Special thanks goes also to GEM personnel for all support given in the phases of integrating OpenQuake as a calculation engine in IRMA.
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Appendix
Appendix
The IRMA platform was developed to show data of different format: maps, vector or raster files, numeric data, shown as interactive graphs or in thematic maps, and text documents. The data are both user input and results from elaborations. Figure 20 shows the IT infrastructure of the platform. Data and maps are stored in a spatial database. The database gives a high speed in reading and writing and all the functions that a database has: SQL queries, indexing, backup management, changes monitoring. The database is Postgres with the PostGis extension, which adds support for geographic objects allowing location queries to be run in SQL.
IT basic infrastructure
The main part of the IT infrastructure is the web server Apache Tomcat that has the capability of running Java Servlets (and several others Java specifications). A Java Servlet is a program that can interact with the “outside world” (i.e. web). In IRMA, the component that calculates the values of the graphs is a Java Servlet. Geoserver is a java-based software whose aim is to publish maps and geographic data linked with maps. Geoserver reads the geographic data from the database and has functions to transform this data into images or tables when the client asks for a map or a data table. The infrastructure is provided with specific Java Servlets that query the database and give back the result for when a client requests for the data stored in such database.
The client (i.e. the graphic interface that the final user sees in his/her web browser) is a web site with a collection of libraries written in Javascript. Some of the libraries are developed by third parties for general purposes and others are developed for the IRMA platform. The client libraries work together to manage the user interaction: map navigation, tabs consulting, graph interaction and so on. Table 5 shows that the programs and libraries that constitute the platform are Open Source or Free.
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Borzi, B., Onida, M., Faravelli, M. et al. IRMA platform for the calculation of damages and risks of Italian residential buildings. Bull Earthquake Eng 19, 3033–3055 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00924-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00924-x