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Collapse shake-table testing of a clay-URM building with chimneys

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Abstract

This paper discusses the results of a unidirectional shake-table test carried out on a full-scale unreinforced clay-brick masonry building with chimneys. The specimen embodied construction details representative of old detached single-storey houses of the Groningen province in the Netherlands, without any specific seismic-resistant detailing. The house featured a typical Dutch gambrel roof that allowed for living space above the attic floor, with high gables that were vulnerable to out-of-plane excitation. The floor consisted of timber joists and planks, resulting in a flexible diaphragm. Two clay-brick chimneys were included to investigate the performance of falling non-structural masonry elements in earthquakes. A cumulative incremental dynamic test was performed up to collapse conditions, using input ground motions compatible with induced seismicity scenarios for the examined region. The paper summarises the key characteristics of the specimen and the observations from the shake-table tests, illustrating the evolution of the structural and non-structural damage, and the dynamic response of the building. The attainment of significant damage limit states is correlated with experimentally defined engineering demand parameters and ground-motion intensity measures for the performance-based seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings. All data from the tests are available upon request on www.eucentre.it/nam-project.

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Acknowledgements

This work is part of the EUCENTRE Project “Study of the vulnerability of masonry buildings in Groningen”, within the research framework programme on hazard and risk of induced seismicity in the Groningen province, sponsored by the Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij BV (NAM). The authors would like to thank all parties involved in this Project: the Dutch construction team of Ronda BV and the local Portuguese carpenters for their diligent work and enthusiasm in building the test house; the technical staff of the Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics Unit of LNEC, who performed the tests; and partners NAM, Arup, and TU Delft for their insight and contributions related to the shake-table test programme. The valuable advice of R. Pinho was essential to the Project and is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks also go to J. Uilenreef, J. Klement-Kroezen, P. X. Candeias, A.I. Marques, V. Bernardo, and L. Grottoli for the practical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UME Graduate School, IUSS Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Stylianos Kallioras

  2. European Centre for Training and Research in Earthquake Engineering (EUCENTRE), Via A. Ferrata 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Stylianos Kallioras, Francesco Graziotti, Andrea Penna & Guido Magenes

  3. National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), Avenida do Brasil 101, 1700-066, Lisbon, Portugal

    António A. Correia

  4. Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAr), University of Pavia, Via A. Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    Francesco Graziotti, Andrea Penna & Guido Magenes

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  1. Stylianos Kallioras
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  2. António A. Correia
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  3. Francesco Graziotti
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  5. Guido Magenes
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Correspondence to Francesco Graziotti.

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Kallioras, S., Correia, A.A., Graziotti, F. et al. Collapse shake-table testing of a clay-URM building with chimneys. Bull Earthquake Eng 18, 1009–1048 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00730-0

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