The results of experimental investigations of heat exchange and temperature fields in channels and fuel assemblies in lead-cooled fast reactors performed at the Leipunskii Institute for Physics and Power Engineering are presented. The main investigations were performed using mercury and lead-bismuth and sodium-potassium alloys. The effect of the contact thermal resistance on heat exchange is analyzed. Data on heat transfer and the azimuthal temperature nonuniformity of the fuel elements are compared for assemblies with a wide lattice, relative spacing s/d = 1.33, smooth fuel elements, and spacing of fuel elements by an ‘edge on edge’ double winding and transverse lattices are compared.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. O. Adamov, A. V. Dzhalavyan, A. V. Lopatkin, et al., “Conceptual positions of a strategy for the development of nuclear power in Russian up to 2100,” At. Énerg., 112, No. 6, 319–330 (2012).
A. V. Zhukov, Yu. A. Kuzina, and A. P. Sorokin, “Analysis of a benchmark experiment on the hydraulics and heat exchange in an assembly of fuel element simulators cooled by liquid metal,” At. Énerg., 99, No. 5, 336–348 (2005).
R. Martinelli, “Heat transfer to molten metals,” Trans. ASME, 69, No. 8, 947–959 (1947).
R. Lyon, “Liquid metal heat transfer coefficient,” Chem. Eng. Prog. Ser., 47, No. 2, 75–82 (1951).
M. A. Mikheev, V. A. Baum, K. D. Voskresenskii, and O. S. Fedynskii, Reactor Construction and Reactor Theory, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1955).
S. S. Kutateladze, V. M. Borishanskii, I. I. Novikov, and O. S. Fedynskii, Liquid-Metal Coolants, Atomizdat, Moscow (1958).
N. I. Buleev, “Theoretical model of the mechanism of turbulent exchange,” Heat Transfer, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow (1962), pp. 64–98.
M. Kh. Ibragimov, V. I. Subbotin, V. P. Bobkov, and G. I. Sabelev, Structure of Turbulent Flow and Mechanism of Heat Transfer in Channels, Atomizdat, Moscow (1975).
M. Kh. Minashin, V. I. Subbotin, P. A. Ushakov, and A. A. Sholokhov, “Application of micro thermocouples in heat-transfer research,” Problems of Heat Transfer, Akad. Nauk SSSR, Msocow (1959), pp.193–199.
M. Kh. Ibragimov, V. I. Subbotin, and P. A. Ushakov, “Investigation of heat transfer in turbulent flow of liquid metals in tubes,” At. Énerg., 8, No. 1, 54–56 (1960).
V. I. Subbotin, M. Kh., M. N. Ivanovskii, et al., “Heat transfer in turbulent flow of liquid metals in tubes,” At. Énerg., 11, No. 2, 133–139 (1961).
P. L. Kirillov, V. I. Subbotin, M. Ya. Suvorov, and M. F. Troyanov, “Heat transfer to an alloy of sodium with potassium and to mercury,” At. Énerg., 6, No. 4, 382–390 (1959).
I. I. Novikov, and K. D. Voskresenskii, Applied Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, Gosatomizat, Moscow (1961).
V. I. Subbotin, P. A. Ushakov, B. N. Gabrianovich, et al., “Heat transfer during flow of liquid metals in circular tubes,” Inzh.-Fiz. Zh., 4, 16–21 (1963).
V. D. Talanov and P. A. Ushakov, “Investigation of the exchange of liquid metals in circular tubes,” Liquid Metals, Atomizdat, Moscow (1967), pp. 9–15.
V. I. Subbotin, M. Kh. Ibragimov, P. A. Ushakov, et al., Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in Atomic Power Facilities (computational principles), Atomizdat, Moscow (1975).
B. S. Petukhov and A. Ya. Yushin, “On heat exchange during flow of liquid metal in laminar and transition regions,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 136, No. 6, 1321–1324 (1960).
B. S. Petukhov, L. G. Genin, and S. A. Kovalev, Heat Exchange in Nuclear Power Facilities, Energoatomizdat, Moscow (1986).
P. L. Kirillov (ed.), V. P. Bobkov, A. V. Zhukov, and Yu. S. Yur’ev, Handbook of Thermohydraulic Calculations in Atomic Energy, Vol. 1, Thermohydraulic Processes in Nuclear Power Facilities, IzdAT, Moscow (2010).
V. I. Subbotin, M. N. Ivanovskii, and Yu. I. Orlov, “Thermal contact resistance during cooling of channels by liquid metals,” Teplofiz. Vys. Temp., 5, No. 6, 1025–1031 (1967).
Yu. I. Orlov, “Colligation of data on heat exchange in liquid-metal coolants taking account of thermal resistance in the zones at walls,” Research in the Thermophysics of Nuclear Power Facilities (60th Anniversary of the Thermophysical Division of the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering), FEI, Obninsk (2014), pp. 125–160.
M. N. Ivanovskii, V. I. Subbotin, and Yu. I. Orlov, “Thermal contact resistance during cooling of channels by liquid metals,” Technology of High-Temperature Liquid-Metal Coolants and Heat Pipes, FEI, Obninsk (2005), pp. 24–30.
P. L. Kirillov, Taking Account of Contact Thermal Resistance to Heat Exchange of Liquid Metal in a Circular Tube, Preprint FEI-284 (1971).
M. N. Ivanovskii, V. I. Subbotin, M. N. Arnol’dov, et al., “Heat transfer during turbulent flow of liquid metals in tubes,” Technology of High-Temperature Liquid-Metal Coolants and Heat Pipes, FEI, Obninsk (2005), pp. 31–37.
A. V. Beznosov, A. V. Semenov, D. V. Davydov, et al., “Experimental research on heat transfer from a circular tube to lead coolant with a regulated content of oxygen,” At. Énerg., 97, No. 5, 345–349 (2004).
V. M. Borishanskii, Liquid Metal Coolants, Atomizdat, Moscow (1967).
O. Dwyer and P. Tu, “Analytical study of heat transfer rates for parallel flow of liquid metals tube bundles. Pt 1,” Chem. Eng. Prog. Ser., 56, No. 3, 183–193 (1960).
O. Dwyer, “On the transfer of heat to fluids flowing through pipes, annuli, and parallel plates,” Nucl. Sci. Eng., 17, No. 3, 36–334 (1963).
A. V. Zhukov, P. L. Kirillov, N. M. Matyukhin, et al., Thermohydraulic Calculation of the Fuel Assemblies of Fast Reactors Cooled by Liquid Metal, Energoatomizdat, Moscow (1985).
A. V. Zhukov and A. P. Sorokin (eds.), Methodological Instructions and Recommendation for Thermohydraulic Calculations of the Core of Fast Reactors. RTM 1604. 008–88, FEI, Obninsk (1989).
A. V. Zhukov, Yu. A. Kuzina, A. P. Sorokin, and V. V. Privezentsev, “Temperature field and heat transfer of ribbed fuel-element simulators cooled by liquid metals (edge-on-edge ribbing),” Results of Work at the Institute of Nuclear Reactors and Thermal Physics in 2013, O. F. Kukharchuk et al. (eds.), FEI, Obninsk (2014).
A. V. Zhukov, Yu. A. Kuzina, V. V. Privezentsev, and A. P. Sorokin, “Temperature fields and heat transfer in parted fuel-element lattices cooled by heavy liquid-metal coolant,” Innovative Designs and Technologies in Nuclear Power, NIKIET, Moscow (2014), pp. 433–442.
Yu. A. Kuzina, A. V. Zhukov, and A. P. Sorokin, “Heat transfer and temperature fields in the core of the BREST reactor on fast neutrons with cooling by liquid metal,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Yad. Energet., No. 4, 91–99 (2002).
A. V. Zhukov, A. P. Sorokin, A. D. Efanov, and Yu. A. Kuzina, “Temperature regimes of fuel elements of ship nuclear power facilities with cooling by liquid metal,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Yad. Energet., No. 1, 56–68 (2007).
A. V. Zhukov, A. P. Sorokin, and N. M. Matyukhin, “Temperature fields in shape-altered fuel assemblies of fast reactors,” At. Énerg., 65, No. 2, 89–97 (1988).
A. V. Zhukov, A. P. Sorokin, and N. M. Matyukhin, Interchannel Exchange in the Fuel Assemblies of Fast Reactors: Computational Software and Practical Applications, Energoatomizdat, Moscow (1991).
A. V. Zhukov, A. P. Sorokin, and N. M. Matyukhin, Interchannel Exchange in the Fuel Assemblies of Fast Reactors: Theoretical Principles and Process Physics, Energoatomizdat, Moscow (1989).
G. P. Bogoslovskaya, A. P. Sorokin, P. L. Kirillov, et al., “Experimental and computational studies of transverse turbulent transfer of momentum and energy in channels with complex shapes,” Teplofiz. Vys. Temp., 34, No. 6, 903–908 (1996).
IAEA-TECDOC-1060, LMFR Core and Heat Exchanger Thermohydraulic Design: Former USSR and Present Russian Approaches (1999).
D. Rowe and C. Chapman, Measurement of Turbulent Velocity, Intensity and Scale in Rod Bundle Flow Channel Containing a Grid Spacer, BNWL-1737 (1973).
A. P. Sorokin, A. V. Zhukov, Yu. A. Kuzina, et al., “Experimental database on the thermohydraulics of sodium-cooled fast reactors and the possibility of verification of computational software,” Heat and Mass Transfer and the Properties of Liquid Metals (Thermophysics-2007), FEI, Obninsk, pp. 19–21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 118, No. 5, pp. 248–257, May, 2015.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rachkov, V.I., Sorokin, A.P., Zhukov, A.V. et al. Experimental Investigations of the Characteristics of Heat-Exchange and Temperature Fields in the Channels and Fuel-Element Assemblies of Lead-Cooled Fast Reactors. At Energy 118, 307–317 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-015-9998-1
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-015-9998-1